Research Article Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) Samiyeh Kazemi , 1 Anna Dencker , 2 Farzaneh Pazandeh , 3,4 Ali Montazeri , 5 Sedigheh Sedigh-Mobarakabadi , 4 and Sepideh Hajian 4 1 Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19968-35119, Iran 2 Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 457, 40530, Sweden 3 School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK 4 Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19968-35119, Iran 5 Population Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran 13157-95795, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Farzaneh Pazandeh; pazandehf@gmail.com Received 21 August 2020; Revised 7 November 2020; Accepted 30 November 2020; Published 10 December 2020 Academic Editor: Gaetano Valenti Copyright © 2020 Samiyeh Kazemi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Women’s childbirth experience is an outcome indicator for evaluating maternity care. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (P-CEQ). The study recruited two hundred and fifty primiparous postpartum women in the 1-3 months following birth from one private and three public hospitals in Mazandaran province, Iran. First, face validity and content validity were evaluated. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted, and discriminant validity was assessed by applying the known-groups method. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was measured to confirm the stability and Cronbach’s alpha to confirm the internal consistency. CFA also confirmed the values of fit indices (RMSEA = 0.05, SRMSR = 0.06, CFI >0.93, χ 2 /df = 1.80). ICC was 0.88 and Cronbach’s alpha for all items was 0.85. Furthermore, discriminant validity of the P-CEQ was approved given that it effectively differentiated women whose stay in the labor unit exceeded twelve hours from those with a shorter stay. The P-CEQ questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing childbirth experiences. It is an easy-to-use questionnaire that can be used for evaluating quality of care in terms of women’s childbirth experience. It can be used in maternity services that aim to improve quality of care during labor and childbirth. 1. Introduction Childbirth is an invaluable process that affects the health of women and their babies and their emotional connection, as well as sexual activity and the desire to have further children [1, 2]. A positive childbirth experience creates a positive atti- tude toward normal childbirth by creating a sense of control, power, satisfaction, and reassurance for women [3, 4]. The negative childbirth experience is linked to lower rates of breastfeeding, increased maternal-infant communication disorders at birth, and may lead to postpartum depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [5, 6]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines recogniz- ing a “positive childbirth experience” as a significant end- point for all women undergoing labor [2]. In recent years, significant reductions in maternal and newborn mortality rates have been reported in Iran, mostly due to increased birth facilities and skilled birth attendants [7]. However, a review of the existing literature in Iran shows that the medicalization of childbirth has led to increasing medical interventions and technologies including early admission in labor, stimulation and induction of labor, Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2020, Article ID 6879283, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6879283