International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2302 REVIEW ON DESIGN OF STEERING SYSTEM FOR TWO SEATERELECTRIC VEHICLE Pravin Patil 1 , Tanmay Adhikari 2 , Sumedh Kadam 3 , Sahil Mankar 4 , Vaibhav Bhagat 5 1,2,3,4 B.E. Students, Automobile Engineering, PHCET RASAYANI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA 5 Professor, Automobile Engineering, PHCET RASAYANI, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA ---------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The EPS (electric power steering) system has beenused to replace the conventional HPS (hydraulicpower steering) system in vehicles. This systemassists the steering effort of the driver using anelectric motor and gear force reduction. In a previous study, an EPS control method was proposed that used the driver's steering input torque and vehicle velocity. In addition, many papers have introduced estimation and controlmethods for the EPS motor's angular velocity or angular torque to reduce the sense difference for the HPS. Therefore, this paper proposes anadvanced control strategy for EPS that uses the lateral force of the front wheels. In addition, we experimented with this proposed control algorithm using a simulation and confirmed that it reduced the assist torque and saved motor power. Althoughit is difficult to obtain the lateral wheel force of the tires for the proposed method, it is able to reduce the torque ripple of the EPS actuator, as well astroublesome problems with steering wheelvibration. Moreover, this EPS control strategy canimprove a vehicle's dynamic stability. Electric power steering (EPS) systems have been used to replace hydraulic power steering systems invehicles. How to enhance the safety and reliability while reducing the manufacturing cost of EPSsystems is still of strong interest to the automotive industry. A theoretical analysis of four-wheel- steering (4WS) cars is presented. A discussion of low speed maneuvering shows why significantimprovements in parallel parking cannot beexpected. Using the classical two degree-of freedom "bicycle model" of the automobile, comparisons of highway maneuverability are made between 4WS and FWS (front-wheel steering) cars. The 4WSlateral response has less phase lag, which permits rapid lane changes with less high frequency motion of the steering wheel. Key Words: steering system, vehicle dynamics, Ackermann steering geometry, etc. INTRODUCTION Power steering systems for automobiles are becoming ever more popular because they reduce steering efforts of the drivers, especially during parking lot maneuver. Hydraulic power steering has existed for many years and is widely used. However, the efficiency of such systems is low because of an engine driven hydraulic pump whichruns all the time. The pump and associated piping also take up space and assembly time. Electric power steering (EPS), which use an electric motor with an electronic controller, came to the market few years ago. It solves the problems associated with the hydraulic power steering. The motor only operates when steering assistance is needed. Hydraulic pump and piping are eliminated. The EPS also allows us to adjust static toque boost curves by modifying software in the electronic controllers without changing the torsion bars. The static toque boost curves can be alternated according to vehicle speed to improve steering feel. Literature review K. Lohith, et al [1] author explained, in this project Maruti Suzuki 800 is considered as a benchmark vehicle. The main aim of this project is to turn the rear wheels out of phase to the front wheels. The mechanism was modelled using CATIA and the motion simulation was done using ADAMS. A physical prototype was realized. The prototype was tested for its cornering ability through constant radius test and was found 50% reduction in turning radius as compared to two wheel and the vehicle was operated at low speed of 10 kmph. Zhao Xue-Ping, et al. [2] the authors first analyzed the steering curve and the control of the current EPS system, then proposed a power sinusoidal steering curve and deduced a formula to calculate the reference torque. At last experimental results had indicated the feasibility of adjustable parameters and the effectiveness of deduced formula. Although it is necessary to design a parametric steering curves to replace the imitating one, which usually needs plenty of prototype tests. The power sinusoidal steering curve, the authors propose, is satisfying, and the intensity of the steering feel E of this curve exists and continues, which ensures smooth handling in all steering torques. André Murilo, et al. [3] authors presents, the design of a parameterized model predictive controller forelectric power assisted steering. Using the proposed exponential parameterized MPC, it was possible to reduce computational effort drastically to meet stringent real-time requirements. Also, a Kalman Filter was included on the control strategyto