Cryst. Res. Technol. 36 2001 6 527533
© WILEY-VCH Verlag Berlin GmbH, 13086 Berlin, 2001 0232-1300/01/0607-0527 $ 17.50+.50/0
Acoustically induced optical second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon absorption (TPA) in
ferroelectric Pb
4.7
Ba
0.3
Ge
3
O
11
crystals have been found. We have found that with increasing acoustical
power, the SHG for YAG:Nd laser light (OPm) increases and achieves its maximum value at
acoustical power density about 1.75 W/cm
2
. The evaluated SHG values were 23 % less comparing with
F
222
tensor of the KDP single crystals. With decreasing temperature, the acoustically induced SHG
signal strongly increases below 29 K. The maximal acoustically induced SHG has been observed at
acoustical frequencies lying within the ranges 12-17 kHz, 22-23 kHz and above 26 kHz. This behavior
reflects nonlinear superposition of the nonlinear optical susceptibilities stimulated by externally-
induced electron-phonon anharmonicity. We have observed substantial increase of the TPA (for the
acoustical power W= 1.8 W/cm
2
) at high hydrostatic pressures (about 16 GPa) and low temperatures
(below 16 K). This one confirms complicated influence of the electron-phonon interactions in the
ferroelectrics on the observed nonlinear optical dependences.
Keywords: nonlinear optical crystals, lead germanate
(Received May 7, 2001; Accepted June 6, 2001)
1. Caption
The effect of the acoustically-induced optical second harmonic generation (AIOSHG) was
discovered by (NELSON and LAX (1971)]. Recently we have found AIOSHG in several
composites containing nanocrystallites (MAJCHROWSKI et al. (2000)). One of the main
physical origin of occurrence the acoustically-induced non-centrosymmetry consists in an
asymmetry of photo-carrier excitation under applied external acoustical power (BIELINCZER
et al. (1980)). Particularly, it was shown that this asymmetry is caused by interference of
electron-hole and electron-phonon interaction. Especial interest may present the ferroelectric
crystals possessing spontaneous polarization. From general theory of ferroelectrics it is well
known (BLINC et al. (1972)) that the occurrence of ferroelectricity is caused by
condensation of low-frequency phonon modes. These modes are called soft modes and are
directly connected with anharmonic electron-phonon interactions (BUSSMANN-HOLDER et al.
(1992); DALAL et al. (1998)). One of the most sensitive method for detection of such kind of
interactions are time dependent nonlinear optical methods (SAHRAOUI et al. (1999); KITYK et
al.(1999)). In the present works it was shown that the picosecond pump-probe nonlinear
optical technique is sensitive to the such kinds of anharmonicity and allows to use the
mentioned effect in the studying of observed phenomena. Ferroelectric crystals possessing
substantial electron-phonon anharmonicity are directly connected with the macroscopic
spontaneous polarization and may be of a separate interest. Among the ferroelectric crystals
the better nonlinear light-induced properties possess (Pb
1-x
Ba
x
)Ge
3
O
11
single crystals (YU et
al. (1998)).
J. ZMIJA, H. KADDOURI**, A. MAJCHROWSKI, Z. MIERCZYK, I. V. KITYK*
Institute of Applied Physics, MUT, Warsaw, Poland
*Institute of Physics Czestochowa, Poland
**LP2A, Universite of Perpignan, France
Pb
4.7
Ba
0.3
Ge
3
O
11
Crystals as New Acoustically Induced
Nonlinear Optical Materials