Spectroscopic Performances of the GERDA
Cryogenic Charge Sensitive Amplifier based on
JFET-CMOS ASIC, coupled to Germanium Detectors
Alessio D’Andragora, Carla M. Cattadori, Assunta di Vacri, Matthias Junker, Luciano Pandola, Alberto Pullia,
Stefano Riboldi, Francesca Zocca, Marik Barnabé Heider, Dusan Budjáš, Jürgen Kiko,
Stefan Schönert, Konstantin Gusev, Béla Majorovits
Abstract–In the GERDA (GERmanium Detector Array)
double-beta-decay experiment, it is planned to operate in liquid
Argon (LAr) germanium detectors, organized in three fold
strings. In this application the use of cryogenic front-end (FE)
electronics is mandatory. Two versions of Charge Sensitive
Amplifier (CSA), namely a 1-channel (1-ch) and a 3-channel (3-
ch), based on JFET-CMOS circuits, have been realized and
tested. The 3-chs CSA are designed to serve the detector string.
While in the reference test the 1-ch circuit and a custom
encapsulated germanium (Ge) detector (SUB) were operated
both submerged in liquid Nitrogen (LN
2
), in the naked detector
test both the 1-ch circuit and the naked unsegmented Ge detector
were submerged in liquid Argon (LAr). A resolution of 3.2 keV
FWHM at 1.332 MeV
60
Co has been obtained in the latter
configuration to be compared to 2.2 keV obtained in the
reference test.
The 3-ch CSA, based on three JFETs connected to three
channels of the CMOS ASIC, mounted on a Cuflon PCB, has
been tested both coupled to the reference SUB and to a naked
prototype detector. The obtained resolution for the 1.332 MeV
line of
60
Co was 2.4 keV with the CSA coupled to the SUB, and
2.9 keV with the naked Ge detector. The spectroscopic
performances have been measured connecting the CSA output to
an acquisition system through 10 m long cryogenic cables to
simulate the real FE connection in the GERDA environment.
I. INTRODUCTION
HE GERDA experiment [1,2] at Laboratori Nazionali del
Gran Sasso (LNGS) searches for neutrinoless double beta
decay of
76
Ge adopting a novel technique; germanium diodes,
isotopically enriched up to 86% in
76
Ge, acting both as the
source and the detector, are deployed in three detector strings
and operated bare in a 64 m
3
liquid Argon (LAr) bath. LAr is
A. D’Andragora is with INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
(LNGS) Assergi (AQ), Italy, and University of L’Aquila, Department of
Electrical and Information Engineering, L’Aquila, Italy (telephone: +39
0862437704, e-mail: alessio.dandragora@lngs.infn.it)
C. M. Cattadori is with INFN Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
A. di Vacri, L. Pandola and M. Junker are with INFN LNGS, Assergi
(AQ), Italy.
A. Pullia, S. Riboldi and F. Zocca are with University of Milano,
Department of Physics and INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy.
M. Barnabé Heider, D. Budjáš, J. Kiko and S. Schönert are with MPIK,
Heidelberg, Germany
K. Gusev is with RRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, and JINR,
Dubna, Russia.
B. Majorovits is with MPI, Munich, Germany.
both the cooling medium and the shield against external
radioactivity.
The length of cabling between the detectors and the room
temperature environment is around 10 m; the front-end (FE)
CSA must work at cryogenic temperature. Fig. 1 shows the
GERDA setup.
Fig. 1. A schematic view of the GERDA setup. The Ge diodes hang free
inside a stainless steal cryostat of 64 m
3
of LAr in order to provide the
necessary cooling and to avoid massive shielding with heavy materials.
Materials made from light elements are preferred in the vicinity of the
detectors.
Two versions, 1-ch and 3-ch, of a JFET-CMOS CSA, both
based on the same architecture and ASIC circuit, have been
developed, manufactured and tested coupled with prototype
detectors. The 1-ch CSA has been coupled to a GERDA
prototype Ge detector in LAr (setup #1) and to an
encapsulated Ge detector (SUB) in liquid Nitrogen (LN
2
)
(setup #2). The 3-ch CSA has been coupled to the setup #2
and to a Ge detector in LAr in the final GERDA cabling and
mounting configuration (setup #3).
Both detectors are p-type coaxial close-end High Purity
Germanium (HPGe) Detectors. The outer contact is biased at
positive high voltage, and the read-out electrode is DC-
coupled to the preamplifier.
II. CIRCUIT ARCHITECTURE AND FEATURES OF THE JFET-
CMOS
In Fig. 2 the structure of the CSA is shown. It is optimized
for negative output voltage swings. It consists of an external
T
2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record N13-43
9781-4244-3962-1/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE 396