QUARTERLY OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
VOLUME XLVI, NUMBER 2
JUNE 1988, PAGES 285-299
THE ATKINSON-WILCOX EXPANSION THEOREM
FOR ELASTIC WAVES*
By
GEORGE DASSIOS1
University of Patras, Greece
Abstract. Consider the problem of scattering of an elastic wave by a three-dimen-
sional bounded and smooth body. In the region exterior to a sphere that includes the
scatterer, any solution of Navier's equation that satisfies the Kupradze's radiation
condition has a uniformly and absolutely convergent expansion in inverse powers of
the radial distance from the center of the sphere. Moreover, the coefficients of the
expansion can recurrently be evaluated from the knowledge of the leading coefficient,
known as radiation pattern. Therefore, a one-to-one correspondence between the
scattered fields and the corresponding radiation patterns is established. The acoustic
and electromagnetic cases are recovered as special cases.
1. Introduction. The Sommerfeld's radiation condition [17] imposes, upon any
scalar scattered field, the appropriate asymptotic characteristics in order for the scat-
tering problem to have a unique solution. It actually states that the behaviour of
the scattered field, far away from the scatterer, should coincide with the behaviour
of an outgoing spherical wave emanating from an oscillatory point source. Miiller
[13] and Silver [16] provided the corresponding radiation condition for electromag-
netic scattering, while in the case of elastic wave scattering, the appropriate radiation
conditions for the longitudinal as well as the transverse waves are due to Kupradze
[8]. Stoker [18], [19] attempted to replace the radiation condition, which is actually
imposed upon the spatial behaviour of the time-independent wave solution, with ap-
propriate initial conditions imposed upon the (time-dependent) solution of the wave
equation, and then find the solution of the time-independent problem by passing to
the limit as time tends to infinity. He illustrated his idea by a few examples taken
from hydrodynamics. Wilcox [26] put this idea in general framework, by showing
that Sommerfeld's radiation condition for a time-harmonic wave is a consequence
of the fact that a solution of the initial-boundary value problem represents a wave
propagating outward from the source (scatterer) with a constant velocity. His method
is based on the concept of spherical means.
It was Atkinson [1], in 1949, who first realized that the Sommerfeld's asymptotic
condition has an exact counterpart in terms of a convergent series representation
*Received December 31, 1986.
'Visiting the Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1300.
©1988 Brown University
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