143 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 F. Deisenhammer et al. (eds.), Cerebrospinal Fluid in Clinical Neurology, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-01225-4_12 R. Höftberger Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria e-mail: romana.hoeftberger@meduniwien.ac.at S. Mader Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA e-mail: smader@nshs.edu M. Reindl (*) Clinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria e-mail: markus.reindl@i-med.ac.at 12 Immunohistochemistry Romana Höftberger, Simone Mader, and Markus Reindl Abstract Several autoantibodies associated with neurological diseases of the central ner- vous system have been described in the last decade. The clinical symptoms and disorders associated with these autoantibodies are diverse, including limbic Contents 12.1 Detection of Anti-neuronal Antibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 12.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 12.1.2 Methods for Immunohistochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 12.1.3 Immunohistochemical Staining Patterns of Anti-neuronal Antibodies . . . . . 146 12.2 Detection of Anti-glial Antibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 12.2.1 Antibodies to Astrocytic Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in NMO Spectrum Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 12.2.2 Antibodies to the Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) in Demyelinating Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155