SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION
Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. Volume VII, May 22
th
-23
th
, 2020. 84-94
© Rēzeknes Tehnoloģiju akadēmija, 2020
http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol7.4937
DEVELOPING AND MEASURING ATTENTION IN
BOXERS: MIXED COACHES’ EXPERTISE AND
REACTION TIME MEASURES
Aleksandrs Kolesovs
University of Latvia, Latvia
Deniss Salkovs
Boxing Club “Latvijas Cimdi”, Latvia
Aleksejs Blinovs
Freelance, Latvia
Abstract. This study explored the problem of attention and its development in young boxers. A
rapidly changing situation and a high level of traumatization in boxing are demanding the
development of athletes’ attention. Focusing on technical or motivational training is among the
reasons for underestimating the development of attentional skills. Study 1 involved seven expert
coaches (males, mean age 45.4, mean working experience 20.3 years). The results revealed a
relatively high assessment of the psychological component of training and a low agreement on
the development of attentional skills. Coaches indicated that testing is the best measurement of
attention. Study 2 focused on the measurement of reaction time (RT) in young boxers. Simple
and complex RT of nine athletes, aged 12 to 15 (33% females), were assessed before and after
the 15 minutes long warm-up. The results demonstrated no significant change in boxers' simple
RT and a decrease (about 30 ms) in complex RT after the warm-up. The feedback was provided
for athletes and their coaches. A contrast appeared between coaches’ view of well-known
exercises for developing attention and their question “Could you suggest some exercise?”
Simultaneously, coaches suggested a more specific RT measurement, including the full time of
a punch.
Keywords: attention, boxing, coaches’ expertise, reaction time.
Introduction
Boxing is among sports requiring athletes’ attention during their adaptation
to rapidly changing situations (Wang, 2016). A loss of focused attention could
result in brain injury with cumulative negative effects (Maroon, Winkelman, Bost,
Amos, Mathyssek, & Miele, 2015; McKee et al., 2013; Rabadi & Jordan, 2001).
Traumatization of young athletes (e.g., Moser, Schatz, & Jordan, 2005) raised
recommendations to participate in alternative sports or to oppose boxing as a sport
for any child or adolescent (Purcell & LeBlanc, 2012). It indicates that the
development of attentional skills in boxers seems a crucial task for more effective