EAS Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
Abbreviated Key Title:EAS J Nutr Food Sci
ISSN: 2663-1873 (Print) & ISSN: 2663-7308 (Online)
Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya
Volume-2 | Issue-5 | Sep-Oct; 2020 | DOI: 10.36349/easjnfs.2020.v02i05.001
*Corresponding Author: Mariam D. Solomon 217
Research Article
Nutrient Potential and Economic Benefit of Varies Coleoptera (Grub
Worm): Implication for Food Security
Mariam D. Solomon
1
*, Lokta D. Solomon
2
, Kiri H. Jaryum
1
, Jonathan D. Dabak
1
, Sarah H. Sambo
1
1
Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, P.M.B 2084, Jos, Nigeria
2
Department of Chemistry, University of Jos, Nigeria
Article History
Received: 30.08.2020
Accepted: 11.09.2020
Published: 30.09.2020
Journal homepage:
https://www.easpublisher.com/easjnfs
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Abstract: Worms, grubs, insects and insects larvae are traditionally important foods and
tasty treats for many cultures and individuals around the world and are gaining popularity
for their high nutritional values. Their potential is seriously being considered in food
security and poverty alleviation strategies in many communities around the world. The
nutritional and economic potentials of these abundant creature are yet to be fully realized
and tapped especially in the face of climate change. Varies coleoptera is one of the grub
worms commonly found in animal dung. The study was aimed at evaluating the nutrient
composition of V.coleoptera and to unveil its potential as a strategy to mitigate nutritional
and food insecurity. Live grub worms were hand-picked from animal dung dumps in the
months of July/August. They were washed, gut squeezed out, boiled in saltwater for three
minutes, set out to dry and rusted in an oven at 60
o
C for ten minutes. The processed sample
was analyzed for its proximate nutrient content, amino acid, fatty acid and mineral element
profiles using standard procedures. Proximate composition showed that processed ready-to-
eat V.coleoptera contains 49.2% crude protein, 26.34% crude fat, 19.2% Nitrogen Free
Extract(NFE), 2.1% crude fibre,5.48% ash and caloric value of 509.8 Kcal. All the essential
and non essential amino acids and some fatty acids were found to be present in the grub
worms. Mineral elements range between 0.06% - 22.9%. These include sodium, sulphur,
iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. It is concluded that processing and
consumption of grub worms could supplement nutrient contents and intake of a variety of
staple foods of indigenous communities where it is found and consumed. When properly
harnessed and large scale production and commercialization are explored, it can be a source
of livelihood for families especially in poor resource settings that can help mitigate food
insecurity.
Keywords: Nutrient, Grub worm, Food Security
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original
author and source are credited.
INTRODUCTION
The need to feed a growing global population
inevitably places continuous pressure on plant and
animal food sources, which contribute to the
degradation of natural resources (FAO 2009a). This is
further compounded by global warming, climate change
and recently, global pandemic and Lockdowns. It is
estimated that by 2050, the world population will hit
nine billion people, which would lead to reduced
available farmland and increased additional need for
food (Kourimskaa, L., & Adamkovab, A. 2016). This
will continue to pose challenge to food and nutrient
security, poverty, malnutrition and disease burden in
many countries of the world especially the
underdeveloped and developing ones.
Over the years, FAO has focused activities on
improving food and nutritional security that will
provide more ecologically sound food and
environmentally sustainable food system, and
recommended that edible insects fit comfortably within
this and, by extension, ought to be considered prime
candidates as food staples and supplements, as well as
more generally for their role in sustainable diets (FAO
2009b).
The great diversity of insects, worms and
caterpillars that abound in many regions, climates and
seasons of the world, and their rich nutrient composition
can be harnessed to mitigate the challenges pose by
climate change, food and nutritional insecurity, poverty
and disease burden especially in poor-resource
households and communities.
Already, eating of insects, worms and
caterpillars is common and a popular delicacy in Africa,
Asia and Latin America, where it is estimated that
insects form about 5-10% of protein consumed (FAO
2013). Small scale Processing and selling of this large