manuscripta math. 120, 253–264 (2006) © Springer-Verlag 2006
S. T. Chapman · P. A. García-Sánchez · D. Llena · V. Ponomarenko · J. C. Rosales
The catenary and tame degree in finitely generated
commutative cancellative monoids
Received: 14 March 2006 / Revised: 30 March 2006
Published online: 20 May 2006
Abstract Problems involving chains of irreducible factorizations in atomic integral domains
and monoids have been the focus of much recent literature. If S is a commutative cancel-
lative atomic monoid, then the catenary degree of S (denoted c( S)) and the tame degree of
S (denoted t( S)) are combinatorial invariants of S which describe the behavior of chains of
factorizations. In this note, we describe methods to compute both c( S) and t( S) when M is
a finitely generated commutative cancellative monoid.
1. Introduction
The study of combinatorial properties of non-unique factorizations in integral
domains and monoids has become an active area of interest (see [9] and its ref-
erences). Early work in this area focused on study of the elasticity of factorization
which describes non-unique factorizations in a “coarse” sense (see for instance [2]
where the first, second and fifth authors of the current paper construct an algorithm
to compute the elasticity of a Krull monoid with finite divisor class group). Re-
cently, the study of more precise invariants associated to non-unique factorizations
has become popular (see for instance the papers [5–11]. The two principal such
invariants are known as the catenary degree and the tame degree. A summary of
the up to date status of research concerning these constants can be found in [9,
Chapters 6.4 and 6.5], but needless to say, exact computations of these constants
(especially in the case of the tame degree) are not abundant. In Section 3 of this
paper, we will describe two methods to compute the catenary degree of a finitely
generated commutative cancellative monoid S. These methods are based on the
computation of a minimal presentation of S, and we review these computations
in Section 2. The material on presentations draws heavily on results from [3] and
[13]. Our computations with the catenary degree will lead to a similar method
S. T. Chapman (B ): Department of Mathematics, Trinity University,
One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212-7200, USA. e-mail: schapman@trinity.edu
P. A. García-Sánchez · J. C. Rosales: Departamento de Álgebra,
Universidad de Granada, Granada 18071, España. e-mail: pedro@ugr.es
D. Llena: Departamento de Geometría, Topología y Química Orgánica,
Universidad de Almería, Almería 04120, España. e-mail: dllena@ual.es
V. Ponomarenko: Department of Mathematics, SanDiego State University,
5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182-7720, USA
DOI: 10.1007/s00229-006-0008-8