International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy Practical implementation of the on-board solar photovoltaic for the passenger transportation Sulaiman Khan a , Syed Hussain Imran b , Mushtaq Khan b , Numan Khan a a School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, NUST , Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan b National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan Abstract The world is highly dependent on the fossil fuels which is exhausting. The transport sector is also a major consumer of the depleting fossil fuel, almost 28% of the total energy is consumed by the transport sector. Hence Shifting of the road transport on the alternative and renewable energy sources will have a remarkable impact on the stressful use of the oil and gas. This research work investigates the feasibility of solar photovoltaic energy for commercial transportation considering the Plugin Solar Electric vehicle as a prototype, the changes in power output due to seasonal variation and resultant impact on the total energy consumption and the consequent changes in mileage of Plugin solar Electric Vehicle is investigated for the whole year. The fuel economy of the Prototype Plugin Solar Electric vehicle is also discussed in comparison with other conventional and non-conventional fossil fuel. Keywords: Plugin solar electric vehicle, solar photovoltaic, fossil fuel, solar energy 1. Introduction There is growing concern globally, about the future energy sources, As fossil fuels are exhausting very rapidly, several studies and research have been conducted to predict entire energy reserves, it is predicted that oil and gas will be exhausted by 2042, leaving coal as the only fossil fuel [1], not considering the Shale gas reserves, as the technically recoverable shale gas for the whole world is not yet reported but It can surly support the world for some decades. Still there is no guarantee that the oil and gas price will never rise enough to high cost that will result in the socio-economical and industrial crises. Fossil fuels accounts for about more than 80% of the world energy consumption and as the oil peaking approaches the price of the oil and gas will rise rapidly, imparting great influences on the world economy [2]. There is therefore a severe need to explore alternative energy sources in order to fulfil the future requirement, it is very important to shift towards energy sources that are sustainable as well as environmentally friendly. Above 90% of the transportation depends on the fossil fuels (Fig. 1) [3]. So the overriding of the internal combustion engine with the electric engine will have great impact on the total energy requirement and environment. The world is considering the Electric Vehicle as a future transport, and there are possibilities to fully propel the electric vehicle with solar photovoltaic energy. Moreover the deployment of the daytime charging of the Electric Vehicle with renewable photovoltaic energy is supposed to minimize the stress of the energy requirement and climatic effects. Considerable research has been carried out on the charging of electric vehicle with solar photovoltaic energy; different models and system have been reported, even a model of the solar power train have also being suggested [4]. It is conceivable to fully power the electric vehicle with renewable energy sources i.e. solar Photovoltaic. A sustainable source of solar energy is potentially capable of meeting a significant portion of world energy required with least adverse environmental implications. Each year, 700 × 10 12 MWh of solar energy is obtained from the sun by the earth. The maximum sol ar irradiance is received by the earth’s surface is about 5 to 8 kWh/m 2 /day, i.e., 1.5–2 MWh/m 2 /year [5]. So the direct conversion of the solar  Manuscript received April 18, 2016; revised July 10, 2016. Corresponding author. Tel.: +92-345-9353351; E-mail address: sulaiman.txt@gmail.com. doi: 10.12720/sgce.5.3.168-173