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International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (4.9) (2018) 167-170
International Journal of Engineering & Technology
Website: www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJET
Research paper
An overview on hermeneutics method application to the Quran
by Muslim thinkers
Nur Zainatul Nadra Zainol
1
*, Latifah Abdul Majid
2
, Mohd Faizulamri Md Saad
3
,
1
Department of Research, Publication & Documentation, Institute of Ahl Sunnah wal Jamaah, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia/
1
Department of Islamic Studies, Center for general Studies and Co-curricular, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu
Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
2,3
Department of Quranic and Hadith Studies, Faculty of Islamic Studies, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author E-mail: nadra@uthm.edu.my
Abstract
Hermeneutics method was introduced by modern Islamic thinkers where they see the need to apply the methods of hermeneutics in the
interpretation of the Quran. Among of the thinkers are Fazlur Rahman, Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd and Arkoun who applying hermeneutics.
Thus it occur a debate among Muslim scholars. Hence, this study aims to analyse the methods introduced by these scholars which were
emphasizing in hermeneutics aspects.In this paper, the method of content analysis conducted can gatherrelevant facts on hermeneutics
methods that have been applied against the Quran by modern thinkers as well as collecting information in other forms of interpretation
that have been conducted by these modern thinkers. The views of contemporary scholars onthe true interpretation of Quran was also
identified to argue the opinions of the modern thinkers who justify the hermeneutics methods.this study shows those modern thinkers
have used the theories of hermeneutics as literary criticism, history and semiotic study of the Quran. The use of the method has
downgraded the Quran by equating the Quran as literary works. Reinterpretationof the verses of the Quran based on the current context
has made the issue of fiqh change and become controversial and this is against the opinion of the majority of scholars.
Keywords: Modern Thinkers; Liberalism; Content Analysis; Controversy; Hermeneutics
1. Introduction
Transmission of hermeneutics into the world of Islam has long
taken place. Hermeneutics method was introduced by modern
Islamic thinkers who acquired education in the West where they
see the need to apply the methods of hermeneutics in the interpre-
tation of the Quran. According to Rippin (1), the majority of mod-
ern scholars argue that Muslims do not understand the message of
the Quran due to their lack of knowledge. Thus, the movement has
been made to make Quran as a guide and there is a tendency in the
interpretation of the Quran to view the message behind its texts.
This movement was created by Muslim scholars to apply the
methods of modern interpretations of contemporary and biblical
criticism to the Quran. Hermeneutics method has been incorpo-
rated into the interpretation of the Quran by modern Muslim
thinkers because they think hermeneutics and exegesis have some-
thing in common. Acording to Esack (2) in his book entitled ‘the
Quran: Pluralism and Liberation’ noted that in general, herme-
neutics and historical interpretation of the Quran has a pattern of
hermeneutics. Although hermeneutics existed only recently in the
Muslim community, the pattern of hermeneutics has long been
practiced. Therefore, he argued about the patterns found in the
traditional hermeneutics of the Quran, such as:
i. Studies on asbab al-nuzul and nasikh mansukh;
ii. The difference between understanding the Quran and method
interpreted by commentators since the emerging science of
interpretation;
iii. Categorization method in interpreting Quran by commenta-
tors such as interpretation of Ahl al-Sunnah, Shia and
Mu'tazila. This division showed a wide range of flow and
a specific social ideology in the field of interpretation. It
was named as hermeneutics.
However, the opinions of Esack were just coincidence, because
the method was originally hermeneutics of Bible interpretation
method, which is also the holy book of the Christian community.
In the process of interpreting the Quran, it is not limited to the
study of asbab al-nuzul and nasikh mansukh, where even the in-
terpretation of the Quran involves various sciences. It also in-
volves a specific and systematic methodology. Hermeneutics is
not only the interpretation, but a 'method of interpretation' and its
own philosophy which isvastly different compared to the interpre-
tation of the Quran. Among the Christian community, the use of
hermeneutics in the interpretation of the Bible is something very
common although it also provokes debates (3, 4).
1.1. Philosophy of Hermeneutics
In the Muslim community, there are some modern Muslim think-
ers who rejected the method agreed by mufassir salafi. They in-
troduced a contemporary interpretation method instead of the
method of interpretation which has been introduced by the mufas-
sir salafi (4). According to Rahman (5), contemporary interpreta-
tion method was created to not accept the text of the Quran literal-
ly but to look further than the literal expression. The main purpose
of this method is to reveal the ‘soul’ or moral message of the
Quran. Thus, contemporary interpretations of various methods