World Applied Sciences Journal 23 (5): 656-663, 2013 ISSN 1818-4952 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.23.05.1010 Corresponding Author: Kashif Naseer Qureshi, Department of Communication, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia. Tel: +60143162047. 656 Study of Efficient Topology Based Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Technology Kashif Naseer Qureshi and Abdul Hanan Abdullah Department of Communication, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia Submitted: May 11, 2013; Accepted: Jun 18, 2013; Published: Jun 30, 2013 Abtract: The expansion in Ad-hoc wireless network and vehicular Ad-hoc networks, it is expected that traffic data will be collected and dispersed in real time by mobile sensors as a alternative of fixed sensors infrastructure. Routing in vehicular Ad-hoc networks is a challenging field of interest, due to high speed and city environment. Recently, there have been a number of broadcasting protocols for VANETs and categorized with the topology, position and network based. We categorize Topology based routing protocols into three types reactive, proactive and hybrid protocols. We survey state of the art vehicular Ad-hoc network types and then discuss topology based routing protocols and their characteristics. We discuss Advantages and Disadvantages for topology based routing protocols. The main mean of our paper was to categorize topology based routing protocols and comparison with each other. Key words: Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANET) Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET) Protocols Proactive Reactive Hybrid INTRODUCTION Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET) in various ways such Recent year's quick development in automobile and contains a collection of nodes with potential of self- its technologies, the wireless communication had made organization in a fixed infrastructure and decentralized new type of Ad-hoc networks which known as the manner. They are highly dynamic topologies and fast Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) for transportation. changeable connectivity, predictable mobility and Many vehicle manufacturing companies and government geographical constrained [2]. VANET using dedicated agencies are adopted and launched projects in VANET short-range communication (DSRC) and the 5.9 GHz such as Toyota, BMW and Daimler Chryler etc [1]. spectrum band and 75 MHZ of bandwidth has been Vehicular Ad-hoc networks have made a vast allocated and the range is 1000m, which is suitable for improvement in automobiles and change the faces of both vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) and vehicle- transportation. Through these technology vehicles, to-infrastructure communication (V2I) [3]. Therefore, communication is spontaneously and wirelessly possible. vehicular Ad-hoc networks are also called Inter-vehicle Travelers are more convenient in safety and comfort with Communications (IVC) or Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) application of intelligent transport technology. communications [4]. Dedicated short-range In intelligent transportation system, VANET is communication (DSRC) standard is IEEE 802.11a and then essential part in architecture of transportation system. modify in 802.11p standard for low overhead operation. VANET uses in many applications of Intelligent The whole communication stack standardize by IEEE Transportation System (ITS) for reduce congestion, road that is 1609 family and referring by WAVE (wireless safety and betterment in traffic flow. A Vehicular Ad-hoc access in vehicular environments) (ITS-Standards, 1996). Network (VANET) is an application of Mobile Ad-hoc VANET works without infrastructure and it is dynamic Network (MANET), it is use for wireless communication topology base. It is working when two or more vehicles between moving vehicles. VANET is different from are in the communication range. Communication and as architectures, characteristics and applications. VANET