Microeconomics for Infrastructure Rehabilitation
Dina A. SAAD
1
and Tarek HEGAZY
2
1
PhD Candidate, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo,
Waterloo, ON, Canada, Email: dina.a.saad@uwaterloo.ca
2
Professor, Corresponding Author, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University
of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, Email: tarek@uwaterloo.ca
ABSTRACT
Infrastructure rehabilitation has been a tremendous challenge for
municipalities and public agencies. While several methods exist to allocate a limited
rehabilitation budget among a large number of competing assets, no efforts provided
solid economic reasoning or justification behind fund-allocation decisions. Thus, this
paper introduces a new perspective in infrastructure rehabilitation, inspired by the
broad array of concepts available in the science of Microeconomics. The paper
discusses four microeconomic theories and examines their applicability in the
infrastructure domain: (1) equilibrium between demand and supply to balance
economic decisions; (2) utility maximization through equitable return on spending;
(3) indifference curves for sensitivity analysis; and (4) loss-aversion behaviour of
decision makers. Initial results of a real case study of 1300 pavement sections proved
the applicability of basic microeconomic concepts in the infrastructure rehabilitation
domain.
INTRODUCTION
One of the main tasks related to infrastructure rehabilitation is to efficiently
distribute a limited budget among a large number of assets that are in an urgent need
for rehabilitation. Most of the existing procedures endorsed by municipalities and/or
proposed in the literature to allocate rehabilitation funds follow one of three
methodologies: (1) assign money to the worst assets until the budget is exhausted,
i.e., use a simple ranking approach (Shah et al. 2013); (2) use a form of benefit-cost
analysis (e.g., Szimba and Rothengatter 2012); or (3) to a limited extent use
optimization methods (Halfawy et al. 2006). None of these methods, however,
provide economic justification or explanation behind the decisions made. Moreover,
none of them address the different preferences/behaviours of the various stakeholders
involved in the infrastructure problem. In an effort to address these issues, this paper
integrates the two worlds of microeconomics and infrastructure asset management to
provide economic justification behind rehabilitation decisions and make them more
reflective of the real preferences of all stakeholders. The basic premise of this paper is
the analogy between the consumer decision situation of spending a limited income on
different expenditure categories and the decision situation of spending a limited
budget on a large number of infrastructure rehabilitation needs. The former situation
has been studied extensively in the microeconomics domain over the past 200 years
to help understand how individuals behave under different circumstances, the
variables that affect the individuals’ decision making process, etc. As such, this paper
1279 Construction Research Congress 2014 ©ASCE 2014