AGENT ROLE LOCKING (ARL): THEORY FOR MULTI
AGENT SYSTEM WITH E-LEARNING CASE STUDY
Salaheddin J. Juneidi, George A. Vouros
Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering
School of Sciences
University of the Aegean
ABSTRACT
Advances in methods and techniques for software engineering are crucial for industrial and commercial applications, as
these systems are required to operate in increasingly complex, distributed, open, dynamic, unpredictable, and inherently
highly interactive environments. This article presents Agent Role Locking (ARL) theory supported by a case study as an
example of engineering complex systems with autonomous entities, and managing their inherent complexity during
analysis, design and implementation. Agent Role Locking (ARL) theory provides a new conceptualization of the relation
between agents and roles in MAS. ARL calls on modification of UML interaction diagrams by introducing AIP diagram
to preserves the distinguishing characteristics of agent software entities.
KEYWORDS
Agent Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE), Multi Agent System (MAS),AUML, super role, atomic role, Agent
Interaction Protocol (AIP).
1. INTRODUCTION
Agent oriented software engineering (AOSE) has been introduced as a new paradigm for engineering
complex software systems. Indeed, advances in software engineering are crucial for industrial and
commercial applications, as software systems are required to operate in increasingly complex, distributed,
open, dynamic, unpredictable, and inherently highly interactive application environments.
Agent based computing appears to be very promising for building such systems, integrating entities with
agency characteristics into software applications [Bradshaw 1997, Wooldridge 1995]. Although many tools
and applications are considered as agent software integrated applications [Odell 2002], but they mostly, do
not follow any formal software engineering process. Recent surveys and evaluation of the most prominent
approaches to AOSE [Teveit 2001,Juneidi & Vouros 2004] in terms of software engineering criteria as well
as agent based computing criteria [Juneidi & Vouros 2004,Ardis 1995,Shehory 2000], reveal that non of the
given methodologies are fully satisfactory to AOSE .
Most AOSE approaches agree on the importance of roles during analysis [Jennings 2000,Bradshaw
1997,Odell 2003,Odell 2004]. However, roles are not reflected in the final system design and
implementation, which creates an engineering gap. This gap affects the development of complex systems
with autonomous entities, restricts the level of complexity that can be handled during analysis, design and
implementation of systems, resulting into systems with rigid structure, and with no adaptation abilities. As
stated in [Juneidi 2004] a new engineering paradigm and a new way of thinking must emerge to adopt agents
smoothly into the software development process.
This paper introduces Agent Role locking (ARL) theory which is an approach to AOSE that integrates
role-oriented and goal-oriented system analysis, emphasizing on agents, roles and on their interplay, clearly
distinguishing between agent and role entities. ARL has its own view of Multi-Agent System (MAS), gives
agents entities the freedom to perform any “appropriate” role. ARL has its own methodology for analyzing
MAS by defining environment; organizations belong to the environment, super roles and atomic roles of
these organizations. It defines a new dynamic structure of agents’ interactions, Agent Interaction Protocol
ISBN: 972-99353-6-X © 2005 IADIS
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