Study of the Synthesis of WO
3
Nano-structured Arrays by Tungsten Hot Filament
Chemical Vapor Deposition Method and their Field Emission Properties
Di Lu, Bo Liang, Akihisa Ogino, Masaaki Nagatsu*
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University,
3-5-, Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan, 432-80
*e-mail: tmnagat@ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp
Recently the inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials were of much interest for field emission (FE)
applications.
[]
Tungsten tri-oxides (WO
3
) is kown as an interesting semiconductor material for the
electrohromic (EC) effect and numerous applications.
[2]
Nevertheless, the field emission (FE) properties
from the WO
3
nano-wires array were also appealing and made it a potential material for the field emission
application. There are two main methods by CVD method: () evaporation of WO
3
powder
[3]
and (2)
oxidation of the heated tungsten
[4]
. Here in this work, the hot filament chemical vapor deposition method
is adopted, with an extra heating stage is employed as well, to control the substrate temperature precisely.
Since this method, different kinds of WO
3
nano-structure arrays were prepared, and their FE properties
were studied.
The tungsten hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) method was used to grow
nano-structured WO
3
under oxygen and argon gas mixture. A The cleaned silicon substrate (p-type [00])
was placed on the heating stage and heated up to 00°C~850°C in the Ar atmosphere (~0.5 Torr). Then
the tungsten filament (0.mm) was applied a current and heated to more than 500°C. It also served as the
tungsten source to synthesize nano-structured WO
3
composites when a gas flow of oxygen was
introduced in addition to Ar. Typically, the gas ratio of O
2
/Ar was 2.5/98 sccm and the growth time was
2~5 min.
According to our result, we found interesting growth mechanism of the WO
3
nano-structures. The
WO
3
nano-rods arrays grown along the different crystal growth direction showed different field emission
properties. The crystal growth direction could be controlled by tuning the substrate temperature. The
morphology of the nano-structures grown at different substrate is showed in the Fig.. It can be found
from the image that nano-rods array with the thinnest diameter is grown under 750°C. And micro-cone
shape structures with sharp tips were grown at 850°C. Carbon nano-rods arrays were grown at substrate
temperature of 700°C and 800°C. The field emission properties of these nano-structure WO
3
materials
were measured and showed in the Fig.2. The result suggests that the WO
3
nano-rods grown at 750°C have
the best field emission properties among these samples, with the turn on field about .5~2V/ μm.
References
[] Xiaosheng Fang, Yoshio Bando, Ujjal K. Gautam, et al J. Mater. Chem. 18, 509 (2008).
[2] Satyen K. Deb, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 92, 245 (2008).
[3] Jun Zhou, Li Gong, Shao Zhi Deng, et al Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 22308 (2005).
[4] Jingguo Liu, Zhengjun Zhang, Ye Zhao, et al Small 1, 30 (2005).
P2-A13
237
978--4244-3588-3/09/$25.00©2009 IEEE
Techinical Digest of IVNC2009