212 A remarkable yet mostly overlooked feature of Akira Iriye’s 1967 master- piece, Across the Pacific: An Inner History of American–East Asian Relations, is its implicit argument that emotions play a crucial role in international relations. As Iriye later described it, the book reflected his view that inter- national relations could not be fully understood without delving into “the intellectual, emotional, and psychological sources” that policymakers and the public drew on in forming ideas and opinions, which in turn influenced decision-making. 1 Even as this approach became widely influential in dip- lomatic and international history, however, explicit attention to emotions as an analytical tool seemed to drop out of the picture. Iriye’s attention to the role of mental images in shaping foreign policy and public opinion gave rise to a thriving subfield, and international historians became increasingly interested in the intangible elements of foreign relations, such as ideas, ideology, perceptions and misperceptions, and cultural interchange. Yet his- torians rarely focused on the emotions that underpinned these intangibles. Meanwhile, traditionalists who focused on state-to-state relations and national security issues dismissed the cultural approach to international his- tory as irrelevant or unimportant. The field of diplomatic and international history split into two camps: those who thought that culture mattered, and those who were sure that it did not. Though the culture camp has registered impressive growth in numbers and influence, the culture-versus-power divide continues to be one of the most contentious issues in the field. The study of emotion, which is now exciting great interest among historians, offers one possible route to bridge this long divide. Because emotions underlie both power and culture, they create links between the two forms of interna- tional relations. Indeed, emotions are not merely constitutive elements of each but are lines of transmission between the two. To study emotion is to study culture and power simultaneously. A close examination of Across the Pacific shows how tightly culture and power are bound together by emotion. Iriye would later move away from this approach, arguing that culture, economics, and power were best treated 19 Emotions in Intercultural Relations Barbara Keys 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 9781137455376_21_cha19.indd 212 9781137455376_21_cha19.indd 212 8/6/2014 9:30:03 PM 8/6/2014 9:30:03 PM This file is to be used only for a purpose specified by Palgrave Macmillan, such as checking proofs, preparing an index, reviewing, endorsing or planning coursework/other institutional needs. You may store and print the file and share it with others helping you with the specified purpose, but under no circumstances may the file be distributed or otherwise made accessible to any other third parties without the express prior permission of Palgrave Macmillan. Please contact rights@palgrave.com if you have any queries regarding use of the file. PROOF