JURNAL ISLAM DAN MASYARAKAT KONTEMPORARI, 18(1): 157-169 157 https: / / journal.unisza.edu.my / jimk [‘UTHMANIYYAH’ RELATIONSHIP WITH MUSLIM COMMUNITY EAST AFRICA AFRICA] HUBUNGAN ‘UTHMANIYYAH DENGAN KOMUNITI MUSLIM TIMUR LAUT AFRIKA MUHAMMAD FAUZAN ROSLI 1 EMY AZZIATY ROZALI 1* 1 Pusat Rantau Timur Tengah dan Nusantara, Fakulti Pengajian Kontemporari Islam, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu. *Corresponding author: ermy@ukm.edu.my Received Date: 9 May 2018 • Accepted Date: 9 Sept 2018 Abstract After the conquest of Egypt in 1517M, the relationship between the Ottoman and the northeast African Muslim community was served. On 1555M, the eyalet of Habesha was established in order to protect the Two Holy Cities of Muslims and the Muslim community in Red Sea shores particulary the northeast Africa. Apart from that, the establishment of the Habesha eyalet was to secure the political and trade route for the Ottoman on that region. Unfortunately, the Ottoman’s initiative was seen as provocations to the Bani Funj, ruler of the Sinnar Sultanate in Nubia which eventually led to centuries of feud between them. The objective of this article is to identify the relationship dynamics between the Ottoman and the Muslim community in northeast Africa, mainly in the regions of Nubia and Ethiopia. This qualitative study is carried out through literature and historical analysis to observe similarities, make comparisons and deduce interpretations of related historical events in that relationship. This study found that, the Ottoman’s relationship throughout the 16th and the 18th centuries, changes allies and foes constantly between the Sinnar Sultanate as well as the Ethiopian kingdoms. Meanwhile, even after the collapse of the Adal Sultanate’s holy war, the Ottoman’s commitment on the destiny of Ethiopian Muslim remained unchanged. Keywords: Ottoman, Muslim community, Sinnar Sultanate, Ethiopia Abstrak Setelah menguasai Mesir pada 1517M, hubungan antara ‘Uthmaniyyah dan komuniti Muslim timur laut Afrika mula terjalin. Pada 1555M, eyalet Habesha telah diasaskan untuk melindungi Dua Kota Suci umat Islam serta komuniti Muslim di persisiran pantai Laut Merah terutamanya di timur laut Afrika. Selain itu, penubuhan eyalet Habesha juga bertujuan mengukuhkan kedudukan politik dan penguasaan perdagangan ‘Uthmaniyyah ke atas rantau tersebut. Walau bagaimanapun, tindakan ‘Uthmaniyyah itu dilihat sebagai sebuah provokasi kepada Bani Funj yang menguasai kesultanan Sinnar di Nubia. Keadaan ini telah membawa kepada perseteruan lebih daripada dua JURNAL ISLAM DAN MASYARAKAT KONTEMPORARI © PENERBIT UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN ISSN 1985-7667 • e-ISSN: 2289-6325 https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2018.18.1.304