Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Dermatology Volume 2013, Article ID 168269, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/168269 Research Article Hemostatic and Wound Healing Properties of Chromolaena odorata Leaf Extract Hataichanok Pandith, 1,2 Xiaobo Zhang, 1 Jason Liggett, 1 Kyung-Won Min, 1 Wandee Gritsanapan, 2 and Seung Joon Baek 1,3 1 Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Te University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri Ayutthaya Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Tailand 3 Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4542, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Wandee Gritsanapan; wandee.gri@mahidol.ac.th and Seung Joon Baek; sbaek2@utk.edu Received 30 May 2013; Accepted 9 July 2013 Academic Editors: S.-C. Chao, C. Feliciani, P. D. Shenefelt, and Y. Tuzun Copyright © 2013 Hataichanok Pandith et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Siam weed) extract has been used to stop bleeding and in wound healing in many tropical countries. However, its detailed mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the molecular mechanisms by which Siam weed extract (SWE) afected hemostatic and wound healing activities. SWE promoted Balb/c 3T3 fbroblast cell migration and proliferation. Subsequently, we found that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the accelerating wound healing enzyme, was increased at the transcriptional and translational levels by SWE treatments. Te HO-1 promoter analyzed with luciferase assay was also increased by treatment of SWE in a dose-dependent manner. Tis induction may be mediated by several kinase pathways including MEK, p38MAPK, AKT, and JNK. Quantitative real-time PCR using undiferentiated promonocytic cell lines revealed that thromboxane synthase (TXS), a potent vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator, was increased and MMP-9, an anti platelet aggregator, was decreased in the presence of SWE. Our studies presented that SWE accelerated hemostatic and wound healing activities by altering the expression of genes, including HO-1, TXS, and MMP-9. 1. Introduction Wound healing is an intricate process in which usually the skin repairs itself afer injury. Te process is divided into four overlapping phases: hemostasis (cessation of bleeding), infammation, proliferation, and remodeling [1]. Hemostasis is mainly controlled by thromboxane synthase (TXS), which converts prostaglandin H 2 into thromboxane A 2 , a potent vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator [2]. Plasminogen acti- vator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) also plays a role in hemostasis by inhibition of fbrinolysis, which prevents failure of the hemostatic process [3]. Subsequently, neutrophils release free radicals to kill bacteria in the infammation phase [4, 5], and heme and heme proteins also accumulate at the local site of the wound. Tese heme and heme proteins have prooxidative and proinfammatory properties by inducing the expression of adhesion molecules, causing vascular permeability and leukocyte infltration. Tese actions initiate wound healing process. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has antiinfammatory and antioxidant activities and is responsible for a wide range of wound healing functions. It converts heme into biliverdin/bilirubin, iron and carbon monoxide, which are potent antioxidant products. Te overexpression of HO-1 helps to accelerate wound healing such as amelioration of infammation, proliferation and protection against endothe- lial cell apoptosis [6]. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) also play a major role in wound healing by extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling [7], and MMP-9 is key efector among those [8]. Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robin- son) is a perennial scandent or semiwoody shrub in the Aster- aceae family. It has been used for a variety of ailments in many