Research Article
Comparative Study of the Grid Side Converter’s Control during a
Voltage Dip
Hind Elaimani ,
1
Ahmed Essadki,
1
Noureddine Elmouhi,
1,2
and Rachid Chakib
2
1
Research Center of Engineering and Health Sciences and Technologies (STIS), High Normal School of Technical Education (ENSET),
Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
2
Research Center of Higher Institute of Engineering and Business (CRI ISGA), 27 Avenue Oqba Agdal, 10090 Rabat, Morocco
Correspondence should be addressed to Hind Elaimani; h.elaimani@gmail.com
Received 22 May 2019; Revised 31 July 2019; Accepted 9 September 2019; Published 1 February 2020
Academic Editor: Kamal Aly
Copyright © 2020 Hind Elaimani et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
e modeling and control of a wind energy conversion system based on the Doubly Fed Induction Generator DFIG is the discussed
theme in this paper. e purpose of this system was to control active and reactive power converted; this control is ensured thanks
to the control of the two converters. e proposed control strategies are controlled by PI regulators and the sliding mode technique.
In the present work a comparison of the robustness of the 2 controls of the grid side converter (GSC) during a voltage dip is shown.
e simulation is carried out using the Matlab/Simulink soſtware with a 300 kW generator.
1. Introduction
In recent years, the wind energy has become the fastest grow-
ing renewable energy source in the world. is is mainly due
to the fact that it has received thorough attention and has been
considered as a way of fighting climate change. Control of the
speed of the wind turbine is generally used to improve the
energy production [1].
Several structures are used to control speed, structures
based on asynchronous machine, synchronous machine and
Doubly Fed Induction Generator known as DFIG.
e DFIG’s structure is the most used, thanks to the advan-
tages it gives. is structure is composed of a wound rotor
induction generator where its stator is directly connected to
the grid and its rotor is connected to the grid through two
power converters [2]. Several lines of research in literature
shows the classical control of the power converters; the first
one rotor side converter (RSC) controls the DFIG, and the
second one grid side converter (GSC) controls the DC link’s
voltage.
e control can be ensured using different techniques as
the PI regulators, the Backstepping technique, direct power
control, direct torque control and the control by sliding mode,
which will be the object of this work [3, 4].
In PI, control strategy has been investigated; the synthesis
of this technique is purely algebraic and uses the pole
compensation based on a numerical method [1], investigating
a polynomial RST controller. is method is a sophisticated
one and based on pole placement technique. Sliding Mode
Control (SMC) controllers have been implemented in many
areas because of their excellent properties, such as insensitivity
to external perturbation and parameter variation [1].
ese wind generators, like most decentralized generators,
are very sensitive to grid disturbances and tend to disconnect
quickly. Indeed, faults in the power system, even very far from
the generator, can result in short-term voltage disturbances,
called voltage dips, which can lead to the disconnection of the
wind system. e need to ensure the continuity of service of
the WECS in the voltage dips event is all the stronger as the
penetration rate in the network is high [5–7].
e aim of this paper is to compare the GSC’s controls
with PI and with the SM technique during a voltage dip.
Wind generators, like most decentralized generators, are
very sensitive to network disturbances and tend to disconnect
quickly during a voltage dip or when the frequency changes.
ese disconnections lead to production losses that can aggra-
vate the situation on a network, already weakened by the inci-
dent and thus have negative consequences. It is therefore
necessary to avoid this instability in the production of wind
energy to ensure continuity of service [8].
e challenge is to satisfy the continuity of service during
a voltage dip.
Hindawi
Journal of Energy
Volume 2020, Article ID 7892680, 11 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7892680