Ministry of National Defence Republic of Lithuania University of Salford A Greater Manchester University The General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania NATO Energy Security Centre of Excellence Vilnius Gediminas Technical University JOURNAL OF SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES ISSN 2029-7017 print/ISSN 2029-7025 online 2017 December Volume 7 Number 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2017.7.2(16) THE PECULIARITIES OF MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATION OF CIVIL DEFENCE SERVICE IN LITHUANIA AND UKRAINE Andrejus Novikovas¹, Lina Novikovienė², Roman Shapoval³, Khrystyna Solntseva 4 1,2 Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities str. 20, 08303, Vilnius, Lithuania 3,4 Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Pushkins’ka str. 77, 61024, Kharkiv, Ukraine E-mails: 1 andrejus@mruni.eu; 2 linan@mruni.eu; 3 rvshapoval1@gmail.com; 4 kvsolntseva@gmail.com Received 11 February 2017; accepted 18 October 2017 Abstract. With the changing global security situation, increase in external threats or emergence of new ones (cyberattacks, non-conventional warfare models, etc.), countries must feel concern regarding consolidation of their security. In this regard, both the Republic of Lithuania and Ukraine are taking measures to enhance and expand their military forces. One of the means to fortify military forces is attracting citizens to serve in the civilian national defence service. Authors of the article employ a comparative aspect to analyse the need for statutory servants serving in the civilian national defence service, as well as reveal the number and type of professionals to be required by the national defence system and explore benefts provided by such statutory servants as well as their purpose in the army. Additionally, in the article authors reveal administrational-legal status of civilian national defence services in both the Republic of Lithuania and Ukraine, its place in the system of other militarised or civil public administration institutions. Comparative aspect is also used to analyse administrative legal status of statutory servants of civilian national defence service, peculiarities of admission of statutory servants to the national defence system and their service therein, as well as possibilities for motivation and stimulation of citizens to exercise service in the civilian national defence service. Therefore, the article aims to answer the question of what could motivate citizens to carry out service in the civilian national defence service, what incentives (needs, interests, values, stimulus, realisation of importance of certain matters, remuneration, etc.) would result in motivation (attitude and interest in) to serve in the Lithuanian Armed Forces and to participate in international operations. Keywords: civil defence, civil defence service, statutory servants, national defence. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Novikovas, A.; Novikovienė, l.; Shapoval, R.; Solntseva, K. 2017. The peculiarities of motivation and organization of civil defence service in Lithuania and Ukraine, Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 7(2): 369-380. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2017.7.2(16) JEL Classifcations: F52, H50, G18. 1. Introduction With the changing global security situation and increase in external threats (terrorism, illegal migration, re- gional armed conficts, militarisation of neighbouring countries, etc.), countries are under pressure to take additional measures in consolidating their land, naval, air and other forces. Especially high risk for the neigh- bouring countries is escalating from the Russian Federation, which has lately substantially funding and invest- ing in militarisation and expansion of its army. Based on the report of Stockholm International Peace Institute, in 2016 Russia became the third-largest spender in terms of military expenditure worldwide (after US and China) (Tracevičiūtė, 2017). Considering this, Lithuania and Ukraine must respond to the situation and also