http://www.revistadechimie.ro REV.CHIM.(Bucharest)♦68♦No. 10 ♦2017 2350 Good Management Practices in Managing the Most Important Factors to Ensure Dureble Soil Quality GEORGE UNGUREANU 1 , GABRIELA IGNAT 1 *, EDUARD BOGHITA 1 *, LUIZA COSTULEANU 1 , CATALIN RAZVAN VINTU 1 , DAN BODESCU 1 , COSTICA BEJINARIU 2,3, 1 Ion Ionescu de la Brad University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, 3, M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490, Iasi, Romania 2 Romanian Inventors Forum, 3 Sf. Petru Movila Str., 700089 Iasi, Romania 3 Gheorghe Asachi Techical University of Iasi, Faculty of Science and Engineering Materials, 67 Dumitru Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, Romania The importance of sustainable development has started to be acknowledged in Romania as well, once the various pollution sources and the restrictions affecting industrial and agricultural pollution were identified, from an economic and ecological standpoint. Sustainable development represents the need of raising awareness about environmental protection and educating people, and this aspect is reflected by the evolution of communal policies in recent years, policies marked by a shift from an approach based on constraints and sanctions to a higher level of flexibility, based on incentives. The purpose of this paper is to make a recommendation for improving existing policy by making an assessment of economic incentives in order to stimulate farmers to adopt sustainable farming systems of a viable, sustainable agriculture, capable to apply the newest technologies and lead to profit and efficiency, to the economical and organizational consolidation. To analyse the effects of different zone packages on income of farmers and the environment a linear programming model is developed for a typical, 192 ha mixed farm in the Iasi region plain pilot area. The major activities of the farm is keeping dairy cattle, growing fodder (grass, alfalfa, silage maize) and cash crops (winter wheat and maize). Keywords : sustainable, development, environmental economics, indicators, strategy Farm management decision should consider the potential for erosion under different practices, especially on marginal land for crop production [1]. Areas at high risk for erosion due to steep slopes or erosion of soils may better suit for pastures or forests. The best ways to reduce erosion is protect the soil surface with growing plants or crop residues. Row crops such as wheat reduce erosion potential by third of fallow land, which is still considered excessive [2-7]. Sod crops such as permanent pasture keep soil erosion to a minimum and should, therefore, be used in rotation with other crops where erosion is a problem. Compared to continuous wheat, forage or pastures crops reduce soil loss by about 70 % [8]. Increasing grass covering or high residue crops combined with other conservation practices such as conservative tillage reduce erosion. Improved soil structure allows more water to filtrate reducing runoff and erosion. Therefore good soil structure is a result of management systems that include both the frequent return of organic matter in residues or manure and tillage practices avoiding unnecessary breakdown of soil structure [9]. Environmental protection is the obligation and responsibility of central and local public administration authorities, as well as all natural and legal persons[10]. Experimental part Materials and methods Measuring progress towards sustainable development is part of the strategy and Eurostat has to draw up every two years a report based on monitoring the Romania set of indicators of sustainable development. Eurostat has published three reports to monitoring the strategy: in 2007 and 2015. The latest report marks the progress on * email: gabitu03@yahoo.fr; boghitae@yahoo.com implementing the strategy and objectives of the main challenges. The linear programming model uses the gross margins of activities of the farmers – as an input for the objective function of the model – which are calculated from a basic set of descriptive data of the farm and the parameters of its economic-policy. Results and discussions In the following, we will present the main aspects regarding the status of the fundamental natural factors (soil, air, water), as well as the situation of forests. Soil erosion, soil aridity, soil degradation and soil pollution are among the most serious environmental problems mentioned in CEESA [11]. The soil quality in Romania has been deteriorating because approx. 12000 thousands of hectares (of which 7100 thousands of ha. plough able/ cultivable land) are affected by one or more factors which limit quality (table 1). Their negative influences can be observed in the deterioration of the characteristics and functions of soil, as well as in its bio-productive capacity; moreover, an even more serious effect is a decrease in the quality of agricultural products and food security, with severe consequences on the quality of human life. As one can observe by looking at the data presented above, drought affects the largest surface, approx. 7100 thousands of ha., because of a significant decline in irrigation facilities (in 2015 only 270,000 ha were irrigated). Also, a significantly large surface is affected by erosion caused by wind and water, the deterioration of soil structure and soil compaction, soil salinization and others.