Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 16(6) (2001) 444–454
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
Computer-Based Bridge Management System for
Permit Vehicle Routing
Joan R. Casas* & Angel C. Aparicio
Technical University of Catalunya, Civil Engineering Department, Jordi Girona 1-3,
Campus Nord. Modul C1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Abstract: The traffic of special overloaded trucks (spe-
cial permits) over bridges may create structural problems
not only in the time of crossing but also in the service
life of the bridge (cracking in concrete bridges affecting
their durability, fatigue in steel bridges, etc.). Therefore,
the owner agency responsible for a bridge network should
look carefully at the maximum loads acting on the bridges
and the problems they may cause according to their actual
condition. This article presents the work carried out by
the authors concerning the possibility of passage permis-
sion of overload permits in the main highway network of
Spain. Most of the bridges are quite new and very well
documented, but also older bridges are present whose doc-
umentation is not available. The work is summarized in a
bridge management system (BMS) installed on a PC. The
computational model performs the structural analysis of the
bridges crossed by a defined special vehicle in a quick and
automatic way and compares the results with the maximum
allowable actions over the bridge, the result being autho-
rization or not of the passage. The computational models
are developed for most common bridge types in the net-
work and are of limited value for very complex structures
such as cable-stayed or suspension bridges. The BMS is
now in use in the complete trunk road system in Spain. The
software developed has shown its usefulness in assisting
bridge engineers in the decision-making process of permit
passage.
1 INTRODUCTION
An important effort has developed worldwide recently
by different transportation agencies and departments of
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
joan.ramon.casas@upc.es.
transportation to improve the decision-making process con-
cerning bridge inspection, maintenance, rehabilitation, and
replacement. The main goal is to optimize the always lim-
ited funds available when the number of deficient and obso-
lete bridges is constantly increasing. This has resulted in the
development and updating of different bridge management
systems (BMS) dealing with this problem.
1,3,13,18,20,23,24
However, another classic and not yet completely solved
problem related to bridge management (normally not
included in the standard BMS and faced by many trans-
portation departments or highway agencies) is authoriza-
tion concerning traffic with special permits over bridges.
In fact, in order to be more competitive with other trans-
portation facilities, road freight companies are increasing
pressure on bridge authorities to permit higher loads on
bridges. In some cases, this drives the need to apply for
special overload permits in geometry and load. Despite the
controlled axle load to not damage the pavement, the total
truck weight and distribution among different axles are of
concern regarding possible damage and consequences to
the service lifetime of bridges. Permit vehicles, normally
carrying heavy equipment and items that cannot be divided
(e.g., girders, industrial parts, parts of nuclear power plants,
etc.), must apply to the highway authority for passage per-
mission (Figure 1). The bridge owner, in turn, must check
the bearing capacity of all the bridges to be crossed by
the special permit and must provide the additional require-
ments (e.g., centric passage, no presence of normal traffic
during the permit crossing, etc.) if any. The last should take
into account the actual condition of the bridge derived from
the results of previous inspections and assessments. Nor-
mally, bridges with different typologies and different mate-
rials, span lengths, and deck widths are present in the net-
work. Therefore, the assessment for permit crossing cannot
be performed automatically, and the safety assessment of
© 2001 Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering. Published by Blackwell Publishers, 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA,
and 108 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, UK.