Open Journal of Statistics, 2016, 6, 1-6
Published Online February 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojs
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2016.61001
How to cite this paper: Nath, D.C., Das, K.K. and Chakraborty, T. (2016) A Modified Epidemic Chain Binomial Model. Open
Journal of Statistics, 6, 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2016.61001
A Modified Epidemic Chain Binomial Model
Dilip C. Nath, Kishore K. Das, Tandrima Chakraborty
Department of Statistics, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
Received 11 December 2015; accepted 31 January 2016; published 3 February 2016
Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract
Discrete epidemic models are applied to describe the physical phenomena of spreading infectious
diseases in a household. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a modified epidemic
chain model by assuming a beta distribution of third kind for the probability of being infected by
contact with a given infective from the same household with closed population. This paper em-
phasizes mainly on developing the probabilities of all possible epidemic chains with one intro-
ductory case for three, four and five member household. The key phenomenon towards develop-
ing this paper is to provide an alternative model of chain binomial model.
Keywords
Beta Distribution, Infection, Susceptible
1. Introduction
The chain binomial models (Bailey, 1975) [1] have met with reasonable accomplishment, when fitted to data on
communicable diseases for households, for example diseases like common cold or influenza. Also, Heasman
and Reid (1961) [2] have demonstrated that the Reed-Frost chain binomial model can provide an adequate fit to
data on outbreaks of the common cold in households of size five. And, by comparing the observed frequencies
with the expected frequencies for the total number of cases, they also demonstrate that the stochastic version of
the Kermack-McKendrick epidemic model (Bailey, 1975) [1] may provide an even better fit. In the later stage, a
detailed comparison of the fits provided by these two models is attempted by Becker(1980) [3] by formulating
an epidemic chain model, that is developed by assuming a beta distribution of first kind, for the probability of
being infected by contact with a given infective from the same household. This model includes, as a particular
case, the epidemic chain model corresponding to the stochastic version of the Kermack-McKendrick epidemic
model (Bailey, 1975) [1] and, as a limiting case, the Reed-Frost chain binomial model. The advantages of the
more general model are also illustrated with an application to household data for the common cold. Also the as-
sumptions made were similar in many ways to those used by Ludwig (1975) [4] in his derivations of the final