430 J. Eng. Tec hno l. Sc i., Vo l. 48, No . 4, 2016, 430-441
Received December 16
th
, 2015, Revised April 8
th
, 2016, Accepted for publication September 1
st
, 2016.
Copyright ©2016 Published by ITB Journal Publisher, ISSN: 2337-5779, DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.4.5
Improvement of Properties of Poly(L-lactic acid) through
Solution Blending of Biodegradable Polymers
Johnner P. Sitompul, Rizky Insyani, Daniel Prasetyo,
Hermawan Prajitno & Hyung Woo Lee*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology
Institute of Technology Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*E-mail: leehw@che.itb.ac.id
Abstract. This study concerns the improvement and enhancement of the
properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) through simple solution blending of
pure PLLA with different kinds of biodegradable polymers. Synthesized PLLA
was blended with synthesized poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) or poly(ethylene
glycol) (PEG) at various composition ratios in a solvent mixture of
dichloromethane/ethanol at room temperature to produce dipolymer. The
polymer-blend properties were analyzed using FTIR, DSC, UTM data and an
enzymatic degradation test was conducted. It was found that PLLA blend films
were obtained with limitation of the second polymer content up to 20% (w)
through solvent casting. From the DSC data, two different melting temperature
peaks showed that stereocomplex formation occurred during polymer
precipitation for all PLLA/PDLLA blends, while only one single melting
temperature peak appeared in the PLLA/PEG blend. Regarding the mechanical
properties, the PLLA/PEG blend showed better performance with an
improvement of the mechanical strength by around 11.18% and an improvement
of the elongation at break by around 89% compared to pure PLLA. Furthermore,
after the 48-hour enzymatic biodegradability test, the PLLA/PEG blends showed
improvement of biodegradability with 21.88% of sample weight-loss compared
to 2.53% for pure PLLA.
Keywords: biodegradability; mechanical properties; polylactic acid; PLLA/PDLLA;
PLLA/PEG; solution blending; stereo-complex.
1 Introduction
Consumption of conventional plastics as raw materials is increasing
considerably from year to year along with the growing human population.
Conventional plastic production contributes to petroleum consumption, CO
2
emission and non-degradable plastic waste. In the present millennium, demand
and development of biomass-based polymers has increased significantly to
substitute conventional plastics. Polymers made from biomass can reduce
global warming by diminishing carbon emissions, reduce our carbon footprint
and further improve carbon life-cycle assessment. This can occur because the
synthesis process and raw materials of biomass-based polymers do not require