1. Introduction
Cisplatin, cis-[Pt(NH
3
)
2
Cl
2
], is one of the most important
chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of a wide
variety of solid tumors. Despite the important contribution
of cisplatin in cancer therapy, its use presents some
limitations such as development of resistance and
severe side effects, such as, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
and neurotoxicity [1,2]. These considerations have
stimulated the search for new platinum complexes
to be used as anticancer agents. Thus, in an attempt
to reduce toxicity and widen the spectrum of activity
of cisplatin and its analogous, thousands of platinum
complexes have been prepared by varying the nature
of the leaving groups and the carrier ligands [1-3]. The
use of different types of organic ligands can modify the
biological activity of the complexes and, for this reason,
the use of hydrazides is very interesting.
The properties of hydrazides are of interest due
to their biological activities and their use as metal
extracting agents. The formation of metal complexes
plays an important role in the growth of their biological
activity [4-7]. Hydrazides successfully provide various
active potential donor sites (C=O, NH and NH
2
) and,
therefore, many coordination compounds containing
hydrazides have been synthesized and characterized
[8-11].
Hydrazides and their metallic complexes show
fungicide and antibacterial activity [12-14]. Particularly,
platinum complexes with hydrazides derived from
benzoic acid showed strong growth inhibitory effect in
leukemia cells in vitro, not verifed with the free ligands
[12].
In view of the biological activities of hydrazides
and their metallic compounds, this paper reports
on the synthesis and characterization of new
complexes. The compounds were characterized
by elemental analysis, NMR, IR and UV-Vis.
The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds
was also evaluated.
Central European Journal of Chemistry
* E-mail: wg@iqufu.ufu.br
1
Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia,
Campus Santa Mônica, 38.400-902 Uberlândia - MG, Brazil
2
Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais,
Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil
Gustavo D. de Souza
1
, Mônica A. Rodrigues
1
,
Lucianno E. Fernandes
1
, Priscila P. Silva
2
,
Reinaldo Ruggiero
1
, Elene C. Pereira-Maia
2
, Wendell Guerra
1*
Complexes of platinum and palladium
with 4-nitrobenzoic hydrazide:
synthesis and cytotoxic activity
Research Article
Abstract:
© Versita Sp. z o.o.
Received 8 June 2012; Accepted 4 October 2012
Keywords: Platinum complexes • Palladium complexes • Hydrazones • Cytotoxic activity
New complexes of platinum and palladium were isolated with 4-nitrobenzoic hydrazide (4-NH) and characterized by spectroscopic
techniques. Results show that the ligand is coordinated to metallic ions by the basic nitrogen of NH
2
group and have the general
structure cis-[M(4-NH)
2
X
2
] where M= Pt or Pd and x = Cl or I. The compound III, [Pt(4-NH)
2
I
2
], was found to display cytotoxicity
(IC
50
= 0.96 µmol L
-1
) against the K562 tumoral cell line. This complex is signifcantly more cytotoxic than cisplatin.
Cent. Eur. J. Chem. • 11(2) • 2013 • 290-294
DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0156-5
290