Technical Solutions for Venous Outflow Reconstruction in Damaged
Liver Grafts During Procurement: Case Reports
D. Nicolini, F. di Francesco, N. Cautero, S. De Luca, A. Vecchi, P. Garelli, G. Martorelli, P. Vincenzi,
M. Gentili, U. Baccarani, G.L. Adani, and A. Risaliti
ABSTRACT
The incidence and clinical consequences of hepatic injuries (parenchymal, vascular,
and biliary) due to surgical handling during multiorgan procurement are still under-
estimated. Surgical damage to liver grafts may lead to an increased mortality and graft
dysfunction rate; therefore, multiorgan procurements require a high level of expertise
and training. We report our experience in two cases of accidental venous outflow
damage during liver procurement focusing on our repair strategies. In one case, a short
suprahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) was extended by a venous cuff obtained from a
long infrahepatic IVC from the same liver graft. In the second case, we observed a
complete transection of the middle hepatic vein during in situ splitting procedure. The
damage was reconstructed by cadaveric iliac vein interposition. In both cases, liver
transplantation was successfully performed without venous complication. An adequate
surgical technique in liver procurement and venous reconstruction during living donor
and domino liver transplantation are formidable tools to achieve successful liver
transplantation with a damaged graft.
T
HE INCIDENCE AND CLINICAL consequence of
hepatic injures (parencymal, vascular, and biliary)
due to surgical handling during multiorgan procurement
is still underestimated. Surgical damage to liver grafts
may lead to an increased mortality and graft dysfunction
rate; therefore, multiorgan procurements require a high
level of expertise and training. This problem is particu-
larly cogent, since many livers are procured by outside
teams including surgeons not routinely involved in trans-
plant procedures with a potential risk of unexpected graft
injures only discovered during back table or transplant
surgery. Herein, we have reported our experience with
two cases of accidental venous outflow damage during
liver procurement focusing on repair strategies.
CASE REPORTS
Case 1
During a combined heart-liver procurement, the cardiac team
transected the suprahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) near the
confluence of the three suprahepatic veins in the IVC (Fig 1). It
was not possible utilize this short vein cuff for direct graft-to-
recipient caval anastomosis. A direct closure of the venous
defect with a venous patch was considered dangerous due to the
high risk of outflow obstruction even with a side-to-side or
reverse-type caval reconstruction. Since an adequate iliac vein
was unavailable the damaged suprahepatic IVC was extended by
means of a circular segment obtained from infrahepatic IVC
(Fig 2).
Case 2
A complete transection of the middle hepatic vein during an in situ
splitting procedure was reconstructed by cadaveric iliac vein interpo-
sition (Fig 3).
RESULTS
In both cases, liver transplantation was successfully per-
formed using the piggyback technique without any venous
complication. The patients experienced uneventful clinical
courses with progressive normalization of liver function
From the Chirurgia Epatobiliopancreatica e dei Trapianti di
Fegato (D.N., F.d.F., N.C., S.D.L., A.V., P.G., G.M., P.V., M.G.,
A.R.), Rene e Pancreas, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e
Chirurgiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,
and Clinica Chirurgica (U.B., G.L.A.), Centro Trapianti di Fegato,
Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy.
Address reprint request to Daniele Nicolini, MD, Chirurgia
Epatobiliopancreatica e dei Trapianti di Fegato, Rene e Pancreas,
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Politec-
nica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy. E-mail: nicolini_daniele@yahoo.it
© 2008 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 0041-1345/08/$–see front matter
360 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10010-1710 doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.06.003
Transplantation Proceedings, 40, 1941–1943 (2008) 1941