Performance Analysis of 3.9 kW Grid Connected
Photovoltaic Systems in Kosova
Vjollca Komoni, Isuf Krasniqi, Arben Lekaj, Ilir Gashi
University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Prishtine, Kosovo
vjollca.komoni@uni-pr.edu
Abstract— This paper presents results obtained from
monitoring a 3.9 kW
p
grid connected photovoltaic system
installed on a flat roof of a laboratory building of FECE in
Prishtina, Kosovo (Latitude 42.6667°N and longitude 21.1667°E ).
System was monitored between the May 2013 to November 2013,
and all the electricity generated was fed into the low voltage
network supply to the building. This system consists of two types
of photovoltaic modules, monocrystalline and polycristalline,
inverter, and devices for measurement and monitoring. During
this period are measured and analyzed daily and monthly
parameters of system, such as: power generation, daily solar
radiation, air temperature, PV module temperature and wind
speed. Monthly average daily performance parameters of the PV
systems evaluated include: final yield, reference yield, system
efficiency, and performance ratio and capacity factor. These
results will be enabling to evaluation and used the photovoltaic
systems in Kosovo climatic conditions.
Keywords: Photovoltaics, Grid connected, Final yield,
Performance ratio.
I. INTRODUCTION
Electricity produced in Kosovo up to 96% is produced from
lignite, and therefore energy production strategy must take
into account the production of electricity from renewable
sources, according to Directive 2009/28/EC of the European
Parliament. In order to reduce the producer of conventional
coal energy sources and serious Environmental problems, we
must develop variable renewable supply.
Electricity generation using photovoltaic (PV) systems is
important, reliable and has the potential to play a significant
role in CO
2
emission mitigation [3]. It is widely accepted that
PV will became one of the major future sources of electricity
generation considering the potential for cost reduction of PV
systems and grid-parity expected Southern and Northern
Europe around 2020 [4].
Total global installed capacity of grid connected PV
systems was 15 GW, 22 GW, 38 GW, in 2008, 2009 and 2010
respectively. Around the world 31.1 GW of PV systems were
installed in 2012, up from 30.4 GW in 2011; PV systems
remains, after hydro and wind power, the third most important
renewable energy source in terms of globally installed
capacity. 17.2 GW of PV capacity were connected to the grid
978-1-4799-2195-9/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
in Europe in 2012, compared to 22.4 GW in 2011; Europe still
accounts for the predominant share of the global PV market,
with 55% of all new capacity in 2012 [4].
The aim of this paper is to present results obtained from
measured performance monitoring of a 3.9 kW
p
PV systems
installed in Prishtina, Kosovo. The different performance
evaluation parameters are presented based on collected data
between May 2013 and November 2013. The performance
parameters calculated include: monthly energy generated, final
yield, reference yield, performance ratio, the average ambient
air and PV module temperature against different levels of solar
radiation. Performance dates are compared with those
obtained in other locations in Europe and Middle East.
II. THE PV SYSTEM
The PV system was installed on the roof of Laboratory
buildings at the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering in Prishtina, Kosovo. The roof is approximately 8
m high and the modules were fixed mounted at an angle of
45
0
, and are facing south. Such a tilt angle was chosen to
maximize yearly energy production, taking into account the
geographical position of Prishtina. The installed capacity of
3.9 kW
p
, grid connected systems consisted of 18 modules,
with an active surface area of 26.26 m
2
. The systems is consist
of 9 PolySol 240 VM (IBC Solar, STC Power 240 Wp,
module efficiency 14.7%) polycrystalline silicon modules, and
9 MonoSol 195 DS (IBC Solar, STC Power 195 Wp, module
efficiency 15.3%) monocrystalline silicon modules. The PV
modules are arranged in 2 branches with 9 modules in each,
and connected to Sunny Boy SB 2000 inverters installed,
irradiance and temperature measurement instrumentation and
data logging systems (Sunny Sensorbox and Sunny WebBox).
The single phase inverters are tied in electrical installation of
buildings. The inverter had a rated maximum efficiency of 95
% and maximum AC power of 2000W. The solar irradiation
sensor had measurement range 0 W/m
2
to 1500 W/m
2
,
measurement accuracy and a resolution 1 W/m
2
. The
PV module temperature sensor was a platinum sensor PT 100