Journal of Geographic Information System, 2017, 9, 717-751
http://www.scirp.org/journal/jgis
ISSN Online: 2151-1969
ISSN Print: 2151-1950
DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2017.96045 Dec. 28, 2017 717 Journal of Geographic Information System
Assessment of Flash-Flood Hazard in
Arid Watersheds of Jordan
Yahya Farhan
1
, Atef Ayed
2
1
Retired Professor, Amman, Jordan
2
Geography Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Abstract
Flash flood hazard initiated by heavy rainstorms is common in arid Jordan,
and often has induced immense damage to life and infrastructures. The cur-
rent study presents a flash flood assessment for Wadi Rajil (northern Jordan)
and Wadi Wuheida (southern Jordan) watersheds using ASTER DEM, GIS,
and geomorphic field observation. A total of 23 morphometric parameters of
paramount relation to flash flood risk estimation were extracted and calcu-
lated using ASTER DEM, GIS, and mathematical formulae developed for this
purpose. Two methods were employed to assess flash floods and to generate
flooding risk susceptibility maps. The first method is El-Shamy’s approach,
and the second is the morphometric hazard degree assessment method. Con-
sequently, sub-basins with high and extreme flooding susceptibility were de-
marcated and displayed spatially using GIS. The maps so produced are meant
to help planners and decision makers to devise appropriate plans to mitigate
harmful flooding impacts, and to deal with flooding hazards.
Keywords
Flash Flood, ASTER DEM, Morphometry, Arid Watersheds,
El-Shamy’s Approach, Jordan
1. Introduction
Morphometric analyses of drainage basins based on geoinformatics techniques
and field collected data, are essential tools for flash floods hazard assessment.
Relevant evaluation parameters can be employed to predict the hydrological be-
havior of the catchment, and geomorphic processes produced by exceptionally
heavy rainstorms, and the resultant flash floods, including erosion type, rate, and
sediment yield [1]. Hydromorphic explanation can be refined regarding the
How to cite this paper: Farhan, Y. and
Ayed, A. (2017) Assessment of Flash-Flood
Hazard in Arid Watersheds of Jordan.
Journal of Geographic Information System,
9, 717-751.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2017.96045
Received: November 19, 2017
Accepted: December 25, 2017
Published: December 28, 2017
Copyright © 2017 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access