Measuring the Efficiency of Public Transport Sector in India: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis Shivi Agarwal Maths Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani – 333031, Rajasthan, India Email: shividma@gmail.com This paper measures technical and scale efficiencies of public transport sector in India. The study makes an attempt to provide an overview of the general status of the State Transport Undertakings (STUs) in terms of their productive efficiencies for the years 2004-05 to 2007-08. Efficiencies of the STUs are measured by applying the new slack DEA Model with categorical DMUs (STUs transported in Rural, Hill and Urban area). Fleet size, Total staff and Fuel consumption are considered as inputs and Passenger kilometers as output. The paper concludes that performance of the STUs has not improved over the earlier three years and has improvement in the last year but still very far from the optimal level. Further, results of sensitivity analysis reveal that by and large, efficiency scores are robust and stable. Keywords: DEA, Transport, Efficiency.