_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: Email: edithkwigizile@yahoo.co.uk; European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 7(1): 67-76, 2017; Article no.EJNFS.2017.003 ISSN: 2347-5641 Anemia during Pregnancy; How much is Known? A Case of Moshi Town in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania Rogate Ndosi 1 , Jaffu Chilongola 1,2 and Edith Kwigizile 3* 1 Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tanzania. 2 Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Tanzania. 3 Stefano Moshi Memorial University College, Tanzania. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author RN designed the study, wrote the protocol, collected data and revised the manuscript. Authors JC and EK supervised the study, managed the analyses of the study, wrote the first draft and subsequent versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/EJNFS/2017/29972 Received 7 th October 2016 Accepted 26 th June 2017 Published 6 th July 2017 ABSTRACT Aims: Knowledge and practices of both men and women on factors that contribute to anemia in pregnancy needs to determined if sound and successful measures to prevent pregnancy anemia are to be implemented. This study was designed to understand knowledge, practices and attitudes of pregnant women and men on anemia during pregnancy. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Moshi town, in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania between January and May, 2012 in 4 health centers. Methodology: A total of 64 participants were enrolled, involving 44 pregnant women, 11 in each study centre, 18-45 years old, and 20 married men, 5 in each center attending health care services. A structured, ‘close ended question’ questionnaire was used for data capturing after it was pre-tested. Participants were asked questions and responses were recorded by the investigator. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS 20.0) in which mainly descriptive statistics was used. Results: Approximately 82% (n=36) of women were spending ≤ 60 minutes to reach the ANC, majority (68.2%, n=30) incurring less than Tanzanian Shillings (TAS) 1,000 per visit while 13.6% (n=6) were parting with more than TAS 2,000 per visit. Compliance to required 4 antenatal clinics (ANC) visits was high by 93.2% (n=41) with a mean gestation age at first visit at 18 th week. Causes of anemia were known by 93.8% (n=42), with 79.7%, 96.2%, 80.8% and 67.4% having good knowledge on malaria as a cause of anemia, foods and medications that prevent anemia and cut- Original Research Article