48 Accepted by J. Kathirithamby: 21 Jan. 2014; published: 13 Mar. 2014 ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Zootaxa 3779 (1): 048–060 www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3779.1.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D546C69E-631E-4CB3-ADEF-7C71A0459163 The genus Triozocera Pierce, 1909 (Insecta: Strepsiptera: Corioxenidae) in South America MARCOS KOGAN 1,3 & JERRY L. COOK 2 1 Integrated Plant Protection Center and Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 98105 USA. Mailing address: 5556 33 rd . Ave. NE, Seattle, WA, 98105 USA. E-mail: koganm@science.oregonstate.edu 2 Department of Biological Science and Texas Research institute for Environmental Studies, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341-2448 USA. E-mail: bio_jlc@shsu.edu 3 Corresponding author Abstract A new species of Triozocera from the Brazilian Amazon basin was found in a sample of male Strepsiptera from the col- lection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA—Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil). Triozocera buehrheimi sp.n. is described and the status of T. paulistana Kogan, 1958, the first strepsipteran described from Brazil, is reviewed, with additional diagnostic characters used to reinstate the species based on comparative analyses to the other three species occurring in southern US, Mexico, and Central America: T. mexicana Pierce, 1909, T. tecpanensis Brailowsky and Márquez, 1974, and T. vernalis Kifune and Brailowsky, 1987. A key to those species is included. Key words: Brazil, Strepsiptera, host specificity, intraspecific size variability Resumo Uma nova espécie de Triozocera da Amazônia brasileira foi descoberta em uma pequena amostra de Strepsiptera machos da coleção do Instituto de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA—Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil). Triozocera buehrheimi sp.n. é descrita neste trabalho, e a validade de , T. paulistana Kogan, 1958, o primeiro strepsíptero descrito do Brasil, é restaurada com base em vários caracteres diagnósticos usados em análise comparativa com as outras 3 espécies que ocorrem no sul dos Estados Unidos, México, e América Central: T. mexicana Pierce, 1909, T. tecpanensis Brailowsky and Márquez, 1974, and T. vernalis Kifune and Brailowsky, 1987. Uma chave destas espécies é incluída. Palavras-chave: Brasil, Strepsiptera, especificidade de hospedeiros, variabilidade intraespecifica do tamanho do corpo Introduction A recent review of the Corioxenidae (Insecta: Strepsiptera) (Cook and Tribull, 2013), listed 24 species in the genus Triozocera Pierce, 1909. As stated in that review, the current geographic distribution of the genus probably reflects the intensity of the effort to collect Strepsiptera in a given region, rather than dominance in species richness. The following zoological regions are represented in order of the number of Triozocera species recorded to date: Australian—9; Afrotropic—6; Oriental (Indo-Malasian)—4; northern Neotropical and southern Nearctic—3 or 4 species, depending on the validation of T. texana Pierce, 1911; and Palearctic—2. The single record of the genus in the southern Neotropical region to date was omitted in that review. That record was T. paulistana Kogan, 1958, a species placed in the synonymy of T. mexicana Pierce, 1909, by Kinzelbach (1971). A small sample of Strepsiptera from the Brazilian state of Amazonas included two specimens of Triozocera representing a new species that is described herein. For the differentiation of this species we obtained high definition photos of the head and terminalia of the T. paulistana holotype deposited in the insect collection of the