Naidu et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2021; 11(1-s):154-161
ISSN: 2250-1177 [154] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Available online on 15.02.2021 at http://jddtonline.info
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics
Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
© 2011-21, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits
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Open Access Full Text Article Review Article
An Overview on Biomaterials: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical
Applications
Naidu Nikita*, Wadher Kamlesh, Umekar Milind
Department of Pharmaceutics, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 441002
Article Info:
_____________________________________________
Article History:
Received 23 Nov 2020;
Review Completed 08 Jan 2021
Accepted 16 Jan 2021;
Available online 15 Feb 2021
_____________________________________________
Cite this article as:
Naidu N, Wadher K, Umekar M, An Overview on
Biomaterials: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical
Applications, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.
2021; 11(1-s): 154-161
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1-s.4723
Abstract
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The development of biomaterials has existed from around half a century and manifests
its use in different fields. Biomaterials are used in living creature body, looking on its
biocompatibility nature. In recent years, advances of biomaterials are showing a marked
presence in the fast growing fields of pharmaceuticals and medicines. According to their
availability, different types of biomaterials like metal, ceramic, polymer and their
composites are used for several purposes in the body. In this review article, types of
biomaterials have been discussed with their advantages, disadvantages and recent
applications in the pharmaceutical field such as implants used to mimic the structure and
function of tissues, dental implants, wound healing, cell regeneration, regenerative
medicines, delivery of drugs and different organ regeneration. Organ regeneration
leading to replacement of organs such as heart, trachea and lungs etc. by use of specific
biomaterials has been reported with the diagnosis of diseases and its treatment.
Keywords: Biomaterial, Polymers, Pharmaceutical applications, Tissue engineering,
Drug delivery.
*Address for Correspondence:
Nikita Naidu, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 441002
INTRODUCTION
From the last few decades, biomaterials have marked its
presence in the fast advancing pharmaceutical and medical
fields. Biomaterials are those materials which are intended
to interact with biological living tissue and used for
therapeutic and diagnostic purpose. Earlier these materials
were only used in medical devices to treat or to replace
any tissue or improve the functions of organ. But later it
was found that the term non-viable given to them is
inappropriate as biomaterials have its application more
than just as implanted devices.
1
Biomaterials are a major
part of our routine practice in the diagnosis as well as for
the treatment of several human diseases.
2
Biomaterials are
basically, any materials (Natural or synthetic) that are
biologically compatible with the human body and is used
to support, enhance, restore or replace the biological
function of damaged tissues and is continuously in contact
with the body fluids.
BASIC FEATURES REQUIRED FOR THE
BIOMATERIAL:
Since the biomaterials are in direct contact with the body
tissues and body fluid, there are some basic features
required for the biomaterial such as biocompatibility,
inertness, safety, stability, cost effective and easy to
fabricate
3
as shown in figure 1
Figure 1: Features of Biomaterials
CLASSIFICATION OF BIOMATERIALS
4
Biomaterials can be broadly classified on the basis of its
source, such as natural and synthetic biomaterial which
can also be further sub-classified as shown in table 1 and
figure 2.