127 Simulation based Evaluation of Proactive and Reactive Routing Protocols in Realistic Vehicular Network Rajinder Sanwal, Vishal Kumar Abstract—Vehicular Mobile Communication has emerged as a new area of attraction in the field of Wireless communication. VANETs have emerged as a boon towards saving human live by its safety and non-safety potential applications. This paper tests routing protocols namely Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV) on a Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) Map of the area of Afton Oaks, Houston, USA. The mobility pattern was created using MOVE (Mobility model generator for Vehicular networks) and SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) capable of intelligent driver model with intersection management (IDM-IM) and intelligent model with changing lane (IDM-LC). Our simulation performances are evaluated using various performance metrics such as average throughput, normalized routing load, end to end delay and packet delivery ratio. The simulation is conducted following the V2V (vehicle to vehicle) communication. The simulation results show that DSR performs comparatively better than AODV, AOMDV and DSDV. Keywords— TIGER, MOVE, SUMO, VANET, ITS, routing protocols. I. Introduction Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are wireless ad hoc networks formed among vehicles on the roads equipped with short range wireless communication devices [1]. Such networks are useful because they help to improve comfort and safety of people on the highway situations [2]. As the number of people using the cars is increasing, VANETs have the potential to optimize traffic conditions, and to reduce congestions. VANETs provide communication among the vehicles and the nearby road side units. The dynamic nature of VANETs is the cause for complex routing problems. The test of routing in an ITS (Intelligent traffic system) can test the efficiency in terms of the routing load. The mobility of vehicles in VANETs is determined by predefined roads and buildings. The vehicle networks on the urban roads have many important factors that influence, such as street layouts and intersections with traffic signs, or inter-vehicle interactions [3]. The speed range of Vehicle could be from 0 to speed limit [4]. Rajinder Sanwal Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology Dwarahat, India. rajindersanwal@gmail.com Vishal Kumar Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology Dwarahat, India. vishalkumar@ieee.org The objective of this paper is to evaluate routing protocols namely Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) [5], Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) [6], Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) [7] and Destination Sequence Distance Vector Routing (DSDV) [8] on the TIGER Map of the area of Afton Oaks, Houston, USA. The mobility pattern is created using MOVE [9] (Mobility model generator for Vehicular networks) and SUMO [10] (Simulation of Urban Mobility) capable of intelligent driver model with intersection management (IDM-IM) and intelligent model with changing lane (IDM-LC). The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Related works are described in section II, section III discusses the review of candidate routing protocols, section IV discusses the Simulation and Results followed by Conclusion and future works in section V. II. Related Works In [11] the authors proposed a Road Map Based (RMB) routing protocol for real-time vehicular ad hoc networks that included some techniques taken from geographical ad hoc routing. It handled mobility using road map and builds stable routing path on the road segments but not on the nodes. Routing path is done through distributed real-time participants of the network. The authors in [12] analyzed Unicast Routing Protocols for VANETs using SUMO. In [13] the authors discussed recent trends that lead to the development of comprehensive simulation platforms consisting of many modules: real-world data sources, traffic generator, traffic and network simulators. The authors in [14] evaluated the efficiency of two routing protocols OLSR and AOMDV by comparing their performances in the city scenario for the map of city of Arlington, Texas using NS-2. The realistic vehicular mobility traces were generated using Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) based tool VanetMobiSim. In [15] the authors simulated multipath, Unipath and hybrid routing protocol in city scenarios using VanetMobisim. The protocols evaluated were AODV, AOMDV and DSDV. The authors in [16] evaluated AODV and OLSR using realistic mobility pattern. They studied the effects of the vehicular traffic parameters such as the average speed, vehicle density and road topology on the overall VANET performance. In [17] the authors proposed a Real Scenario Mobility Model. This new model can show vehicle’s movement scenario more veritably in routing selection, movement direction of nodes restricted by road network etc. In [18] the authors have done the performance evaluation of reactive routing protocols in VANET using VANET Mobisim. The authors in [19] presented RBVT, which is a class of VANET routing protocols for city-based environments that takes advantage of the layout of the roads to improve the performance of routing in VANETs. RBVT protocols use Proc. of the Intl. Conf. on Recent Trends In Computing and Communication Engineering -- RTCCE 2013 Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-981-07-6184-4 doi:10.3850/ 978-981-07-6184-4_28