40 © 2001, Elsevier Science Inc., 1040-6190/01/$–see front matter PII S1040-6190(01)00237-8 The Electricity Journal
What Is It Worth? Application
of Real Options Theory
to the Valuation of
Generation Assets
An analysis of two generation assets in a regional market
in the Northeast demonstrates how a real options-based
valuation framework uncovers and quantifies the value of
efficient plant operation in the face of volatile electricity
market prices. The analysis shows that a peaking gas-fired
facility may be more valuable than a mid-merit coal-fired
plant, even though traditional methodologies would favor
the coal-fired asset given its lower marginal cost.
Julia Frayer and Nazli Z. Uludere
eal options are an important
tool in the financial valuation
of generation assets, especially
peaking plant and hydroelectric
generators. Traditional valuation
procedures, such as discounted
cash flow analysis (DCF), ignore
the value of managerial flexibility.
These models do not capture the
value embodied in the plant opera-
tor’s ability to dynamically react to
changing market conditions; the
real options methodology mea-
sures the value inherent in such
adaptability. Under a real options
approach, increased uncertainty
(e.g., more-volatile electricity
prices) translates into a larger
options-based value.
Peaking power plants are one of
the best examples of assets that
possess this flexibility: These
plants can react quickly to rising
electricity prices and increased
electricity demand. Similarly,
peaking power plants are gener-
Julia Frayer directs quantitative
analysis and finance projects at London
Economics International LLC,
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In her role
as managing consultant, she has led
numerous projects on valuation of
generation assets, and applied real
options framework in several
engagements. She has extensively
modeled complex lease transactions
involving network assets around the
world. She is also an expert on strategic
bidding and market power issues in
wholesale electricity markets.
Nazli Z. Uludere is a consultant with
London Economics. She has worked on
several valuation exercises for
independent power producers and
multiple projects involving application
of real options methodology to
generation assets, transmission rights,
and dispatchable load. She holds
a graduate degree in finance
from Boston College.
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