Trends in Electrical Engineering
Volume 1, Issue 1, May, 2011, Pages 12-21.
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© STM Journals 2011. All Rights Reserved. 12
Investigation of DC link Capacitor Failures in DFIG based Wind Energy
Conversion System
Ali M. Eltamaly* & Ammar Anwar Khan
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Author for Correspondence
*Author for Correspondence E-mail: eltamaly@ksu.edu.sa Mob: +966553334130
I. INTRODUCTION
DFIG proves itself as one of the successful
generator topologies for wind energy
conversion systems due to its variable speed
operation and low power rating three phase
AC/DC/AC converter. AC/DC/AC PWM
converters are widely used in motor drives,
wind power generation [1], unified power
quality conditioners [2] etc. These
converters usually consist of DC link of
array of electrolytic capacitors as energy
buffer. Electrolytic capacitors are preferred
due to their large capacitance per volume
and low cost per capacitance. However they
are sensitive to temperature, frequency and
have low reliability [3-4]. The lifetime of
electrolytic capacitor is usually shorter than
the other components of the converter.
Reference [1] reported that 72% of the
power supplies failures were due to
electrolytic capacitor failures. The
capacitors are considered to be over when,
with the passage of time, their capacitance is
decreased by more than 25% [5]. It has been
reported in many researches that electrolytic
capacitors are the weakest link in power
electronic converters [7-12]. The failure of
DC link electrolytic capacitor can lead to
either short circuit or open circuit of DC link
while remaining the converters intact. The
capacitor degradation is due to the effects of
thermal, electrical, mechanical and
environmental stresses and there can be any
reason of its failure. The primary failure
mechanism is the evaporation of electrolytic
solution and its loss through end seal.
Temperature rise accelerates the evaporation
rate. This evaporation leads to the decrease
in capacitance and increase in ESR
(equivalent series resistance) which
increases the losses. Thus the degradation
process continues till the capacitor fails.
Other modes of failures are mentioned as
[7]:
Abstract
This paper presents the effects of DC link electrolytic capacitor failure of DFIG based wind
energy conversion system (WECS). The degradation of electrolytic capacitor can lead to the
failure of DC link. As DFIG based WECS utilize low power converter, so there is a need to
explore the effects of capacitor failure. This failure (short circuit of capacitor or open circuit)
leads to the power outages, high machine currents, high transient currents in rotor circuit, low
terminal voltage of the generator and increase in generator speed. For this purpose aggregated
model of DFIG is implemented in the MATLAB/ Simulink to study the effects of DC link
capacitor short/open circuit on different parameters of system.
Keywords: DFIG, DC link failure, capacitor short circuit, stator flux orientation, capacitor open
circuit.