Using the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory to Work With Men in a Clinical Setting  James R. Mahalik Boston College  W. Tracy Talmadge Independent Practice  Benjamin D. Locke Pennsylvania State University  Ryan P. J. Scott Independent Practice Given that gender roles are increasingly viewed as salient in clinical work with men, this article describes a process of exploring masculine gender roles with male clients in therapy by using the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI). Specifically, this article (a) discusses how men’s degree of conformity to masculine norms may be connected to a variety of benefits and costs, (b) describes the CMNI as a tool that can be used to explore men’s degree of conformity to masculine norms, (c) describes a process by which to use the CMNI to explore the relevance of men’s masculine selves to their presenting concerns, and (d) illustrates the pro- cess with a case example. As such, the paper is intended to provide a systematic procedure for clinicians working with men who want to explore the benefits and costs that both conformity, and nonconformity, to spe- cific masculinity norms brings for male clients. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 61: 661–674, 2005. Keywords: masculine norms; gender roles; men; assessment Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: James R. Mahalik, Campion Hall 312, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467; e-mail: mahalik@bc.edu JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Vol. 61(6), 661–674 (2005) © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20101