The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) was established in 1960 by the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations with the help and approval of the Government of the Philippines. Today IRRI is one of 16 nonprofit international research centers supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR – www.cgiar.org). IRRI receives support from several CGIAR members, including the World Bank, European Union, Asian Development Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development, Rockefeller Foundation, and agen- cies of the following governments: Australia, Belgium, Canada, People’s Republic of China, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Japan, Republic of Korea, The Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States, and Vietnam. The responsibility for this publication rests with the International Rice Research Institute. Copyright International Rice Research Institute 2003 Mailing address: DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines Phone: +63 (2) 580-5600, 845-0563, 844-3351 to 53 Fax: +63 (2) 580-5699, 891-1292, 845-0606 Email: irri@cgiar.org Home page: www.irri.org Riceweb: www.riceweb.org Riceworld: www.riceworld.org Courier address: Suite 1009, Pacific Bank Building 6776 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, Philippines Tel. (63-2) 891-1236, 891-1174, 891-1258, 891- 1303 Suggested citation: Virmani SS, Mao CX, Hardy B, editors. 2003. Hybrid rice for food secu- rity, poverty alleviation, and environmental protection. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Hybrid Rice, Hanoi, Vietnam, 14-17 May 2002. Los Baños (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 407 p. Cover design: Juan Lazaro IV Print production coordinator: George R. Reyes Layout and design: Ariel Paelmo Figures and illustrations: Ariel Paelmo Cover photo: Rody Toledo (Photo shows hybrid rice in Vietnam.) ISBN 971-22-0188-0