PHYSIOL. PLANT. 54: 225-229. Copenhagen 1982
Physiological and biochemical changes associated with cotton
fibre development ,
I. Growth kinetics and anxin content
S. C. Naithani, N. Rama Rao and Y. D. Singh
Naithani, S. C , Rama Rao, N. and Singh, Y. D. 1982. Physiological and biochemieal
changes associated with eotton fibre development. 1. Growth kinetics and auxin
content. - Physiol. Plant. 54: 225-229.
Growth kinetics and levels of auxin substances were studied in three eotton eultivars,
designated as long, medium and short staple cultivars. Fibre length and dry weight
plotted against boll age showed sigmoidal patterns and were fitted to a logistic curve
by computer curvilinear regression analysis. The final length of the fibre in different
eultivars was the product of the rate of elongation per day and the total period of
elongation. Further, considerable overlap between the elongation and the secondary
thickening phases was reeorded.
No relationship between auxin substanees and rate of fibre elongation was discerni-
ble. The peak levels of auxin substances in all the cultivars were recorded before or
about the time when elongation had just started, and it is concluded that the auxin
synthesized during the elongation phase is consumed in elongation growth. Thus
there is neeessarily no relationship between remaining auxin and growth.
Additional key-words: Auxin substances, elongation phase, secondary thickening
phase, Gossypium liirsutum, G. herbaceum,
S, C, Naithani, N, Rama Rao and Y. D, Singh {reprints). Department of Biosciences,
Saurashlrii University, Rajkot 360 005, India,
Introduction
Morphologically the cotton fibre develops as an exten-
sion of an epidermal cell of the ovule. The fibre initia-
tion starts a day before up to a day or two after anthesis,
and the initials enter into elongation phase immediately.
Growth studies on cotton fibres (Hawkins and Serviss
1930, O'Kelley and Carr 1953, Jasdanwala et al. 1977,
Rama Rao et al. 1980) have revealed that fibre growth
involves two distinct phases, i.e. the elongation is fol-
lowed by the secondary thickening phase. Further, it has
been shown (Hawkins and Serviss 1930, O'Kelley and
Carr 1953, Kerr 1966) that the secondary thickening
phase does not begin unless the elongation phase is
completed. Contrary to this, in more recent publications
(Schubert et al. 1973, Jasdanwala et al. 1977, 1980,
Rama Rao et al. 1980) a considerable overlap between
the elongation and the secondary thickening phases has
been reported. However, the mechanisms regulating the
termination of elongation and the initiation of second-
ary thickening are still unknown.
On the basis of in vitro culture studies of cotton
ovules, Beasley and Ting (1973) concluded that the fer-
tilized ovules are (i) deficient in their capacity to syn-
thesize optimum levels of gibberellins, (ii) sufficient in
their production of cytokinins and (iii) mere optimum in
production of auxin (IAA). The unfertilized ovules, on
the other hand, require addition of IAA to the basal
medium in order to produce fibre (Beasley and Ting
1974), and it is suggested that auxin is the major hor-
mone produced in response to the process of fertiliza-
tion, whereas gibberellins probably derived, for the
most part, from sources external to the ovule. Further,
Birnbaum et al. (1974) concluded that IAA, whether
synthesized endogenously in fertilized ovules or added
to the growth medium of unfertilized ovules, may be of
Reeeived 5 May, 1981; revised 10 September, 1981
Physiol. Plant. 54, t982 0031-9317/82/020225-05 $03.00/0 © 1982 Physiologia Plantarum
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