v Multidisciplinary Exploration of Learning Environments for Children with ASD: The CASCATE Project Tuononen, K., Korhonen, V., Vellonen, V., Virnes, M., & Kärnä, E. School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Finland Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have challenged educational professionals in Finland and abroad in the creation of suitable learning environments (LE). · Still, there are very limited pedagogical means to overcome the challenges related to ASD. Technology-enhanced activities and LEs have been seen promising for the children with ASD regarding, for example, general cognitive, social, and language skills [9] as well as academic skills [3]. Technology-enhanced solutions may be preferred also because they provide less variability and higher precision compared to traditional teaching approaches [4]. · However, more research is needed to understand the possible benefits and suitability of technology-enhanced teaching solutions and LEs [3, 4]. We have created a technology-enhanced LE from the perspective of Special Education and Educational Technology in order to explore what constitutes a good LE and to support learning of children with ASD. The following guidelines were guiding the creation of the CASCATE LE [7, 8]: · The modifiability of the technologies in order to consider the children’s individual needs. · The transformability of the technologies for the solutions to be affordable and easily integrated into the children’s everyday contexts. · The focus on the children’s creativity and active roles guaranteeing them opportunities to show their abilities, and to provide them roles as innovative and active developers and research partners. · The support for the children’s strengths by, for example, utilising various senses in the environment. The CASCATE project targeted its research on communication and interaction, attention, creativity, individual strengths, and the inclusion of children in research and development of the LE. Technology-enhanced action group sessions organised on a weekly basis at a special needs school in Finland An action research approach with continuous circles of implementation and evaluation Participants: 8 school-aged children with ASD or autistic features (6 boys, 2 girls) and teaching staff members Data collection: video recordings, field observations, and interviews Continuous feedback collected from both the children and teaching staff to guarantee their active participation The CASCATE LE is a modifiable environment with applications that can be adjusted for children’s individual strengths and interests. The CASCATE LE includes four different action stations: LEGO® building, Symbol matching, Kinect playing, and Storytelling. The CASCATE project has examined the individual differences in communication [6] and triadic interaction [5] while children work with the technologies. Game development [1] and the inclusion of teaching staff and children into the design and research of the LE [2] have been targeted also. Psychological research into the areas of attention and social interaction has been recently implemented to further increase the interdisciplinary approach. With the mobile eye-tracking technology we study the visual attention of the children while they work with the technologies. · Investigation of the children’s individual strengths and preferences will provide us valuable information on how to further develop suitable LEs for children with ASD. The microanalytic method of Conversation Analysis is used to examine how the interactions between the children, co-participating adults, and computer applications are organised. · Examining the interactional context where learning is taking place will increase our knowledge on the detailed interactional factors to be considered when designing suitable LEs. Technology-enhanced LEs will be further investigated due to their great potential in supporting children with ASD. Research on educational settings in different cultural contexts will be conducted in order to improve the local and global understanding of how to teach children with ASD. Our goal is to be able to provide solutions to the worldwide challenge of educating children with ASD. [1] Korhonen, V., Virnes, M., & Kärnä, E. (2014). Catching game: A body movement game for children with autism spectrum disorders. In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2014 (pp. 2057-2061). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. [2] Kärnä, E., Parkkonen, A., Tuononen, K., & Voutilainen, M. (2013). Teachers' and assistants' views on an action research project with children with autism spectrum disorders: The positive outcomes and pitfalls of inclusion. Pedagogia Oggi, 1, 115-130. [3] Pennington, R. (2010). Computer-assisted instruction for teaching academic skills to students with autism spectrum disorders: A review of literature. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 25, 239-248. [4] Ploog, B. O., Scharf, A., Nelson, D., & Brooks, P. J. (2013). Use of computer-assisted technologies (CAT) to enhance social, communicative, and language development in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 301-322. [5] Tuononen, K., Kiiskinen, S., & Kärnä, E. (2014). Considering individual variation in triadic interaction among children with autistic features during a technology-enhanced LEGO® building activity. In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2014 (pp. 1466-1475). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. [6] Vellonen, V., Kärnä, E., & Virnes, M. (2012). Communication of children with autism in a technology-enhanced learning environment. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69 (International Conference on Education & Educational Psychology, ICEEPSY 2012) (pp. 12081217). [7] Vellonen, V., Kärnä, E., & Virnes, M. (2013). Supporting the strengths and activity of children with autism in a technology-enhanced learning environment. In D. G. Sampson, J. M. Spector, D. Ifenthaler, & P. Isaias (Eds.), Proceedings of Cognitive and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA 2013) (pp. 170-177). [8] Voutilainen, M., Vellonen, V., & Kärnä, E. (2011). Establishing a strength-based technology-enhanced learning environment with and for children with autism. In T. Bastiaens & M. Ebner (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2011 (pp. 601-606). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. [9] Whalen, C., Moss, D., Ilan, A. B., Vaupel, M., Fielding, P., MacDonald, K., . . . Symon, J. (2010). Efficacy of TeachTown: Basics computer-assisted intervention for the intensive comprehensive autism program in Los Angeles unified school district. Autism, 4, 179-197. We acknowledge the financial support of the Children with Autism Spectrum disorders as Creative Actors in a strength-based Technology-enhanced learning Environment (CASCATE) project from the Academy of Finland, 2011-2014. Introduction Objectives Participants and Methodology The CASCATE Technology-enhanced Learning Environment Current Research Future Directions CONTACT INFORMATION: Katja Tuononen, katja.tuononen@uef.fi. Leader of the CASCATE project: Eija Kärnä, eija.karna@uef.fi Acknowledgements View publication stats View publication stats