Research Article HDL Particle Size and Functionality Comparison between PatientswithandwithoutConfirmedAcuteMyocardialInfarction Raissa de Miranda Teixeira, 1,2 NicoleCruzdeS´ a, 3 Ana Paula Caires dos Santos, 1,2,4 Vanessa Rocha Anjos e Silva, 1,2 Elaine Christine de Magalhães Cabral Albuquerque, 5 Luiz Claudio Lemos Correia, 3 and Ricardo David Couto 1,2 1 ClinicalChemistryandLipidMetabolismLaboratory,DepartmentofClinicalandToxicologicalAnalysis,FacultyofPharmacy, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 2 PharmacyPostgraduateProgram(PPGFAR),FacultyofPharmacy,FederalUniversityofBahia(UFBA),Salvador,Bahia,Brazil 3 Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa´ udeP´ ublica, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 4 Naval Hospital of Salvador, Brazilian Marine Forces, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 5 PEI, Industrial Engineering Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Ricardo David Couto; rdc@ufba.br Received 9 October 2018; Revised 21 December 2018; Accepted 13 February 2019; Published 3 March 2019 Guest Editor: Pablo Demelo-Rodr´ ıguez Copyright © 2019 Raissa de Miranda Teixeira et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the most common cause of death worldwide, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is noteworthy due to its great magnitude. Objectives. is study was carried out to evaluate the structure (molecular and particle size) and functionality of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) shortly after AMI, in the presence of acute inflammatory response. Casuistic and Methods. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between January 2015 and August 2016, with a total convenient sample of 85 patients. e patients’ data were segregated according to the Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction (REAMI), with 45 confirmed AMI patients. e study groups consisted of patients from both sexes, older than 35 years, presented to the Hospital São Rafael (HSR) initially with AMI clinical symptoms. In addition, 40 nonischemic control patients (CPs), without AMI symptomatology, and according to previous inclusion criteria, were selected for convenience in an outpatient care unit. e HDL particle size was measured by laser light scattering (LLS), after separation of HDL from apoB- rich lipoproteins. e paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity was determined in a spectrophotometer by using paraoxon as a substrate. e other laboratory marker information, secondary data, was obtained in the laboratory system. Results. e HDL particle size, free cholesterol, and hs-CRP analysis showed significant differences when compared between REAMI and CP groups (p < 0.0001, p � 0.007, and p < 0.0001; two-tailed unpaired t-test, respectively). Regarding paraoxonase, the data comparison between REAMI and CP groups was also significantly different (p < 0.0067; two-tailed unpaired t-test). Conclusion. Despite an important current database on the HDL cholesterol role, our study provides relevant complementary information about the HDL particle sus- ceptibility to the inflammation following AMI. e HDL particles’ quantitative and functional attributes should be measured as markers of HDL functionality. 1.Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the most common cause of death in the world [1], and acute myo- cardial infarction (AMI) is noteworthy due to its great magnitude. In 2011, about 20 million people suffered from cardiovascular diseases worldwide, of which approximately 12 million were fatal victims of AMI [2]. Acute myocardial infarction represents the main cause of death and disability, with coronary atherosclerosis being one of the main causes [3]. Atherosclerosis is a CVD characterized by chronic in- flammation of the artery wall and consequent plaque Hindawi Cardiology Research and Practice Volume 2019, Article ID 3074602, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3074602