International Surgery Journal | February 2021 | Vol 8 | Issue 2 Page 704 International Surgery Journal Shah P et al. Int Surg J. 2021 Feb;8(2):704-709 http://www.ijsurgery.com pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902 Case Series Bacteriological profile of diabetic foot Priti Shah 1 , Mridula Eswarawaka 1 *, Dinesh Anne 1 , Sai Charan Reddy M. 1 , Pranjal Shah 2 , Neha Srivastava 1 INTRODUCTION Foot wounds are an increasingly common problem in people with diabetes and now constitute the most frequent diabetes-related cause of hospitalization. 1 People with diabetes have about a 12-25% chance of developing a foot ulcer in their lifetime, thus contributing to a major public health issue. 2,3 Rate of amputation of a limb is estimated to be forty times greater in infected non-healing ulcer in diabetics than the patients in trauma. 4,5 Amputation is even more likely when DFI and foot ischemia coexist. 6 The pathophysiology of foot infections in persons with diabetes is quite complex, but their prevalence and severity are largely a consequence of host-related disturbances (immunopathy, neuropathy and arteriopathy) and secondarily pathogen-related factors (virulence, antibiotic-resistance and microbial load). 7,8 Because many different organisms, alone or in combination, can cause a DFI, selecting the most appropriate antibiotic therapy requires defining the specific causative pathogens. 8-10 Clinicians should avoid antibiotic therapy that is unnecessary, overly broad- spectrum or excessively prolonged, as it may cause drug- ABSTRACT Foot infections in patients with diabetes mellitus are a major cause of morbidity, can lead to gangrene and ultimately amputation of the limb. Aim of the study was to determine the type of microorganisms isolated from the Diabetic foot ulcer and antibiotic resistance pattern. We have included 50 patients having diabetic foot ulcers of Wagner's grade 1 or above in our study. Debrided tissue, pus, or swabs from the base of the ulcers were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic culture. The organisms were identified, and further antibiotic sensitivity was conducted. Seventy-two aerobic and 13 anaerobic organisms were isolated. Among the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated, most predominant organisms were S. aureus and Bacteroides spp.; respectively. Of the S. aureus, 77.8% were methicillin resistant, while 42.1% of gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive. Klebsiella spp. was the highest ESBL producer. Acinetobacter spp. was the highest MBL producer. Most sensitive drugs for S. aureus were linezolid, vancomycin and amikacin. Gram-negative bacteria were mostly sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin. Pseudomonas spp. were usually sensitive to meropenem, piperacillin - tazobactam. Acinetobacter spp. was sensitive to colistin, tigecycline. As diabetic ulcers are often infected by multidrug-resistant bacteria, a knowledge of the common bacterial pathogens implicated as well as their sensitivity pattern helps the clinician to choose the proper antibiotic for a timely treatment. Keywords: Diabetic foot infection, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftriaxone-sulbactam, Amikacin, Gentamycin, Linezolid, Azithromycin, Piperacillin-tazobactam 1 Department of General Surgery, DPU Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India 2 Department of General Surgery, SKNMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India Received: 27 October 2020 Revised: 29 December 2020 Accepted: 05 January 2021 *Correspondence: Dr. Mridula Eswarawaka, E-mail: mridulaeswar@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20210389