Journal of Physical Science, Vol. 28(2), 161–179, 2017
© Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2017. This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Development of Solid-state Reference Electrode Based on Sodium
Polyanethol Sulfonate Immobilised on Cellulose Acetate
Sagir Alva,
1*
Aiman Aziz,
2
Mohd Ismahadi Syono
3
and Darwin Sebayang
1
1
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana,
Jl. Meruya Selatan No. 01, Kembangan, Jakarta-11650, Indonesia
2
Photonics R&D, MIMOS Semiconductor (M) Sdn Bhd, Technology Park Malaysia,
57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3
Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Semiconductor (M) Sdn Bhd, Technology Park
Malaysia, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*
Corresponding author: sagir.alva@mercubuana.ac.id
Published online: 15 August 2017
To cite this article: Alva, S. et al. (2017). Development of solid-state reference electrode
based on sodium polyanethol sulfonate immobilised on cellulose acetate. J. Phys. Sci.,
28(2), 161–179, https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2017.28.2.11
To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.21315/jps2017.28.2.11
ABSTRACT: In this study, we successfully developed a solid-state reference electrode
based on sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) immobilised on a cellulose acetate membrane
and coated on a layer of polypyrrole on top of a carbon screen-printed electrode (SPE).
We varied the concentration of SPS salt from 1% to 5% (w/v) and achieved an optimal
concentration of 4%. SPS optimisation test was performed by varying concentrations of
KCl and pH buffer solution. The slope obtained for 4% SPS was 3.5 ± 0.3 with a residual
standard deviation (RSD) of 9.3% of KCl solution, whereas the slope obtained for pH
buffer solution was 3.4 ± 0.2 with 1.2% RSD. The stability test in pH 7 buffer and 10
−3
M KCl yielded drift at <0.4 mV/h for 60 h of continuous monitoring. We also performed
tests using standard NH
4
+, K+ and NO
3
− ion-selective electrode sensors, and the slopes
measured were respectively 52.4 ± 0.4, 51.4 ± 0.4, and −52.3 ± 0.9 mV/dec with a dynamic
range of 0.1–10
−5
M.
Keywords: Solid-state reference electrode, poly (anethol sulfonic acid), cellulose acetate,
screen-printed electrode, sodium polyanethol