63
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International Astronautical Congress, Naples, Italy. Copyright ©2012 by the International Astronautical Federation. All rights reserved.
IAC-12-B4.6B.7 Page 1 of 9
IAC-12-B4.6B.7
HIGHLY INTEGRATED, LOW VOLUME AND MASS ADCS SUBSYSTEM FOR PICOSATELLITES
Dr. Stefano Redi
SSBV Space and Ground Systems, United Kingdom, sre@ssbv.com
Mr. Vincenzo Capuano
University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Italy, vincenzo_capuano@tiscali.it
Mr. Samir A. Rawashdeh
University of Kentucky, United States, sar@ieee.org
Mr. Alexander Finch
SSBV Space and Ground Systems, United Kingdom, a.finch@ssbv.com
Dr. Massimiliano Pastena
SSBV Space and Ground Systems, United Kingdom, M.Pastena@ssbv.com
Mr. James Barrington-Brown
SSBV Space and Ground Systems, United Kingdom, J.Barrington-Brown@ssbv.com
This paper introduces the recent activities at SSBV Space and Ground Systems in the field of attitude
determination and control (ADCS) for picosatellites. In particular the paper focuses on the design and development
of an ADCS subsystem suitable for cubesat missions from 1U to 6U. The design presented integrates 1
magnetometer, 6 sun sensors, GPS, three metal core Torquerods, 3 axes MEMS gyros, momentum wheel and a
stellar gyro in order to provide a complete solution for high accuracy 3 axis pointing. The system also integrates an
autonomous intelligence which implements the attitude determination and control laws reducing the computational
effort required by the main computer that is only responsible for the choice of a specific spacecraft attitude to be
reached or maintained. The modular design is extremely compact allowing a very small size. The whole subsystem
fits in the volume of two PC 104 employed as a standard for CubeSat applications, significantly reducing the overall
mass. The extensive use of off the shelf components and sensors previously developed at SSBV also contributes to
the reduction of the power consumption. Furthermore the paper introduces the results obtained from the test
campaign currently under development at SSBV. The results obtained show that for cubesats up to 3U the pointing
accuracy that can be achieved is better than 1 deg while for 4U and 6U cubesats the pointing accuracy is around 2.8
deg. The ADCS design is one of the latest products developed at SSBV, and it constitutes the most recent result of
the activities of this company in the field of small satellites, which since beginning of operations in 2008 has been
providing attitude control sub-systems for customers in USA, Europe, India, Taiwan and Indonesia. The ADCS
board is due to fly in the next Techdemosat mission scheduled for the first quarter of 2013.
I. INTRODUCTION
The past 15 years have seen a rapid increase in the
number of missions involving picosatellites and
nanosatellites. The survey presented in [1] provides an
overview of these projects, describing the main
technologies employed and the main missions
objectives. The results of this survey, based on a
database developed by Delft University of Technology,
demonstrate that since 1997, an increasing number of
academic institutions, government bodies but also
private companies have been investing resources in the
design and development of this type of satellites.
In particular the CubeSat standard, introduced in
1999 by California Polytechnic University and Stanford
University [2] has represented a significant milestones
in this field and it has triggered the success of pico and
nano satellites.
Most of developers belong to Academia with
applications spanning from technology demonstration
(majority) to scientific measurements and
communications. However recent interest has also been
shown by private organizations for possible commercial
applications attracted by the shorter development time
and the reduced cost. This interest demonstrates the
potential that these missions can have in the near future,
mainly driven by improvement in electronics
miniaturisation and growing access to space.
However challenging applications like for example
earth imaging, military reconnaissance or even
formation flight require accuracies in the determination
and control of the spacecraft attitude that are beyond the