Journal of Clinical Nephrology and Renal Care Original Article: Open Access ClinMed International Library Citation: Khamis OA, EL Sadek AH, Hegazy AM, Dessouky KM, Abdellatif SS, et al. (2016) Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities and its Relation to Thyroid Abnormalities among Hemodialysis Patients. J Clin Nephrol Ren Care 2:015 Received: August 08, 2016: Accepted: October 17, 2016: Published: October 19, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Khamis OA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Khamis et al. J Clin Nephrol Ren Care 2016, 2:015 Volume 2 | Issue 2 Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities and its Relation to Thyroid Abnormalities among Hemodialysis Patients Osama A Khamis 1 *, Abdellah H EL Sadek 1 , Amin M Hegazy 1 , Khaled M Dessouky 1 , Salama S Abdellatif 2 , Ahmed M Fahmy 3 and Mostafa A Alsawasany 3 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Eygpt 2 Department Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar University, Eygpt 3 Department Cardiology, Al-Azhar University, Eygpt *Corresponding author: Osama A Khamis, Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt, E-mail: okhamis2015@gmail.com Abstract Background and aim: The kidney is involved in the regulation of thyroid hormones metabolism. Numerous abnormalities of thyroid hormones in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have been described. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its relation to Echocardiologic abnormalities in patients with end stage kidney disease. Material and method: 60 patients with ESKD on regular hemodialysis were recruited for this study. All subjects were investigated with Transthoracic Echocardiography and laboratory tests to determine thyroid function, including: serum triiodothyronine (T3), free T3, serum thyroxine (T4), freeT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Results were compared with the same measurements in 20 normal control subjects. Results: The prevalence of thyroid abnormalities (78.3%) and low T3 (70%). T3 and T4 were signifcantly low (68.6 ± 21.4 ng/dL, 5.1 ± 2.1 µg/dL) compared to control group (104.1 ± 20.2 ng/dL, 7.8 ± 2.0 µg/dL). The prevalence of Echocardiologic abnormalities (71.7%) and left ventricular hypertrophy (70%). There was signifcant low T3 in patients with Echocardiologic abnormalities. 90.7% in patients with Echocardiologic abnormalities and 90.5% of patients with left ventricular hypertrophy had thyroid abnormalities. T3 levels show negative correlations with LVMI, LVEDD, SWT and PWT and a positive correlation with LVEF. No signifcant correlations between FT3, FT4, TSH and Echocardiographic data can be observed detected. Conclusion: Echocardiographic abnormalities were linked by thyroid abnormalities especially low T3. Screening for early detection of thyroid disorders is useful and important. Keywords Echocardiologic abnormalities, Thyroid abnormalities, ESKD surprising, therefore, that impairment in kidney function leads to disturbed thyroid physiology [1]. Chronic renal failure afects thyroid function in multiple way, including low circulating thyroid hormone concentration, altered peripheral hormone metabolism, disturbed binding to carrier proteins, possible reduction in tissue thyroid hormone content, and increase iodine store in thyroid glands. Both plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) are reduced [2]. Tyroid function has been extensively evaluated in patients with chronic kidney disease, however the results are variable, primary hyperthyroidism is extremely rare, while the prevalence of hypothyroidism is increased in patients with chronic renal failure [3]. Te prevalence of hypothyroidism was increased in persons with reduced glomerular fltration rate (GFR), ranging from 5.4% for persons with estimated GFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 to more than 20% in persons with estimated GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 [4]. In spite of a large number of previous investigations of thyroid function abnormalities in end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients, the echocardiographic fndings were not included in the analysis in most of these studies. Terefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate thyroid function abnormalities and its relation to echocardiographic abnormalities in ESKD patients. Patients and Methods Sixty clinically stable end stage kidney diseasepatients were enrolled in this cross sectional study. All patients were under regular hemodialysis at Al-Azhar University Hospital (Hussein Hospital) between October 2014 and Jun 2015 (4 hours session, thrice weekly), using polysulfone high fux dialyzer 1.6 m 2 surface area, with dialysate fow 500 ml/min and dialysate calcium concentration 1.25 mmol/l, using heparin as anticoagulant with tailored doses according to each case and bicarbonate based dialysate. Te adequacy of dialysis was assessed using Kt/V formula. 20 normal individuals were used as control group. Patients with the following criteria were excluded: patients younger than 18 year; patients with congestive heart failure, respiratory failure, and liver cirrhosis; patients who had a history of Introduction Te kidney plays an important role in the metabolism, degradation and excretion of several thyroid hormones. It is not