159
Oxygen-Uptake Efficiency Slope
in Healthy 7- to 18-Year-Old Children
Blagoi Marinov, Stoilka Mandadzhieva, and Stefan Kostianev
The aim of this article was to assess the oxygen-uptake efficiency slope (OUES)
throughout the age span of 7 to 18 years. One hundred fourteen healthy children
(58 boys and 56 girls) exercised on a treadmill by means of a modified Balke
protocol. The OUES grew in a nonlinear pattern with age, and it appeared to
be significantly higher in boys than in girls. There was a very strong correlation
between OUES and VO
2peak
(r = .92), and there was a small difference between
the values of OUES calculated for different exercise intensities. Stepwise-regres-
sion analysis outlined body surface area (BSA) and sex as main determinants of
OUES. OUES is an objective measure of exercise capacity that does not require
a maximal effort but is considerably dependent on anthropometric variables and
necessitates the generation of appropriate reference values.
Understanding the cardiorespiratory functional-reserve changes that occur
throughout childhood and adolescence is a major issue in developmental exercise
physiology. Data are usually limited to maximal oxygen uptake (VO
2max
) (1,15,21),
which has always been an intensively sought paradigm, but in certain populations
with obesity, chronic diseases, or low fitness levels it is generally difficult to obtain
(16). VO
2max
is effort dependent and therefore largely influenced by one’s motivation
(3,23). Several research groups have already proposed a number of submaximal
indices for evaluating functional capacity without requiring participants to per-
form maximal exercise (6,9,12). In 1996 Baba et al., in an endeavor to develop an
objective and independent measure of cardiorespiratory reserve, introduced the
oxygen-uptake efficiency slope (OUES)—a single-segment logarithmic curve-
fitting model describing the ventilatory response to exercise. It was initially applied
to a cohort of children with heart disease (3) and later validated by Hollenberg and
Tager (10) on a large sample of adults. The latter also proposed prediction equations
for the OUES in adults. Baba et al. (2) reported excellent reproducibility of the
OUES, and Van Laethem et al. (22) recently proved that it is stable over the entire
exercise duration and significantly correlated with VO
2peak
. As the method gained
popularity, the OUES was incorporated into research for evaluating exercise toler-
ance (4), monitoring the effects of exercise rehabilitation programs (20), detecting
the improvement of cardiorespiratory reserve after endurance training (13), and
predicting the outcomes of heart-transplant patients (13). Recently, Davies et al.
The authors are with the Dept. of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv,
Bulgaria.
Pediatric Exercise Science, 2007, 19, 159-170
© 2007 Human Kinetics, Inc.