Preoperative Evaluation of Potential Living Donors for Liver
Transplantation: The Role of Helical Computed
Tomography-Angiography
J.K.F. Chan, W.K. Tso, C.M. Lo, S.T. Fan, K.L. Chan, P. Tam, W. Wei, H. Saing, M.T. Chau, L. Leong,
and F.L. Chan
S
URVIVAL of the transplanted liver depends on the
patency of its supplying vessels. Accurate knowledge of
the hepatic vascular anatomy of donors for living-related
transplantation (LRT) would reduce the incidence of vas-
cular complications after transplantation. Routine preoper-
ative evaluation of our LRT donors requires both computed
tomography (CT) and conventional angiography.
1
We look
at the feasibility of using hepatic CT angiography (CTA) to
replace conventional angiography.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nonenhanced and enhanced helical CT (3 mm collimation refor-
matted to 1.5 mm, 140 to 170 mL contrast medium, injection rate
3 to 5 mL/s, pitch 1 to 1.7). Hepatic artery anatomy was determined
from both axial and reconstructed maximum intensity projection
(MIP) images. Portal venous images were used for liver volume
calculation and assessment of liver morphology. CTA findings were
correlated with either conventional angiogram or surgery or both.
RESULTS
Between September 1995 and December 1996, 19 adults
with relatives suffering from end-stage liver failure were
recruited for consideration as living liver donors. CTA was
performed in 16 patients. Images useful in determining
hepatic arterial anatomy were obtained in 15 patients.
Conventional hepatic arterial anatomy is found in 12
patients (Fig 1); replaced right hepatic artery from superior
mesenteric artery in 1 patient; replaced left hepatic artery
from left gastric artery in 2 patients. Other variations noted on
CTA in these 15 patients included early bifurcation of the right
hepatic artery (n = 1) and dual supply to the left lateral
segment (n = 1). There was no substantial discrepancy with
CTA findings in the 10 donors who had a conventional
angiogram performed. CTA findings were later confirmed in
13 patients who had donor hepatectomy performed.
DISCUSSION
Arterial thrombosis has been a dreaded complication after
living related liver transplantation. It constitutes the most
common serious complication after liver transplant and is
associated with a high mortality rate of approximately
50%.
1
Arterial thrombosis is preventable if grafts with
unfavorable arterial anatomy are excluded.
2
Transplant
surgeons tend to use the donor with the ideal hepatic
arterial anatomy, that is, a single left hepatic artery of at
least 3 mm.
3
In the preoperative evaluation of liver donors, both
conventional angiogram and CT scan of the liver are done:
angiogram to define the hepatic artery anatomy, CT scan
for liver volume calculation and morphologic assessment.
Whilst conventional angiogram is a mostly safe procedure,
it is invasive and poses potential hazards to the donor. The
From the Departments of Diagnostic Radiology (J.F.K.C.,
W.K.T., M.T.C., L.L., F.L.C.), and Surgery (C.M.L., S.T.F., K.L.C.,
P.T., W.W., H.S.), Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People’s
Republic of China.
Address reprint requests to Dr John K.F. Chan, Department of
Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong
Kong, People’s Republic of China.
Fig 1. Hepatic CTA of a donor with left and right hepatic
arteries arising from the common hepatic artery.
© 1998 by Elsevier Science Inc. 0041-1345/98/$19.00
655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010 PII S0041-1345(98)00991-9
Transplantation Proceedings, 30, 3197–3198 (1998) 3197