JITV Vol. 21 No 1 Th. 2016: 34-40 34 Chitosan Nanoparticle of hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin) Hormone in Increasing Induction of Dairy Cattle Ovulation Pamungkas FA, Sianturi RG, Wina E, Kusumingrum DA 1 Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, PO Box 221, Bogor 16002 E-mail: fitrap@yahoo.com (received 29-12-2015; revised 08-03-2016; 25-03-2016) ABSTRAK Pamungkas FA, Sianturi RG, Wina E, Kusumaningrum DA. 2016. Nanopartikel chitosan hormon hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin) dalam meningkatkan induksi ovulasi pada sapi perah. JITV 21(1): 34-40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v21i1.1343 Suatu sistem rilis hormon hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) yang terkontrol membantu mengatasi degradasi hormon hCG yang cepat dalam darah dan menghindari penggunaan injeksi hormon berkali-kali untuk tujuan induksi ovulasi serta meningkatkan efektifitas reproduksi. Penelitian bertujuan mempersiapkan nanopartikel chitosan hormon hCG (CS-NPh) serta mengetahui efektifitas penggunaannya melalui nasal spray. Paramater yang diamati meliputi karakteristik sifat fisikokimia CS- NPh dan pengamatan ukuran folikel, korpus luteum, waktu ovulasi dan onset berahi setelah pemberian CS-NPh secara nasal spray dibandingkan dengan hCG secara intramuskular (kontrol) dengan dosis 1.000 IU pada sapi perah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sifat fisikokimia CS-NPh masih dalam rentang ukuran nanopartikel dengan distribusi massa molekul yang baik dan lebih stabil, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai komponen pembawa hormon. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa waktu ovulasi setelah pemberian hormon hCG secara intramuskular (hari ke 3,13±0,35) dan CS-NPh secara nasal spray (hari ke 3,33±0,49) dengan ukuran folikel yang diovulasikan berturut-turut sebesar 1,62±0,22 dan 1,76±0,28 cm tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (p>0,05), begitu juga untuk ukuran korpus luteum dan onset berahi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian CS-NPh secara nasal spray dapat digunakan dalam meningkatkan induksi ovulasi pada sapi perah. Kata Kunci: Nanopartikel, hCG, Nasal Spray, Ovulasi ABSTRACT Pamungkas FA, Sianturi RG, Wina E, Kusumaningrum DA. 2016. Chitosan nanoparticle of hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin) hormone in increasing induction of dairy cattle ovulation. JITV 21(1): 34-40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v21i1.1343 A controlled release delivery system of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone helps to overcome the rapid degradation of hCG hormone in the blood, to avoid the use of multiple injections for ovulation induction and to enhance reproductive efficacy. This study aimed to prepare chitosan nanoparticles hCG (CS-NPh) and to determine its efficacy as nasal spray of CS-NPh. The observed parameters include physico-chemical characteristics of CS-NPh and the follicle size, corpus luteum, the time of ovulation and onset of estrus performed after administration of CS-NPh as a nasal spray compared with intramuscular hCG (control) at a dose of 1,000 IU in dairy cattles. The result showed that the formation of the hormone hCG nanoparticles is still in the size range of nanoparticles with a well and more stable molecular mass distribution, so it can be used as a carrier component of hormones. The result showed that the time of ovulation after hCG by intramuscular (day to 3.13±0.35) and CS-NPh as a nasal spray (days to 3.33±0.49) with the follicle size by 1.62±0.22 and 1.76±0.28 cm showed no significant differences (p> 0.05), likewise the size of the corpus luteum and onset of oestrus.. This indicates that administration of CS-NPh as a nasal spray can be used in enhancing the induction of ovulation in dairy cattles. Key Words: Nanoparticles, hCG, Nasal Spray, Ovulation INTRODUCTION Estrus synchronization in dairy cattle is used for facilitating artificial insemination application, saving labor and time in detecting estrus. Estrus synchronization is one way of controlling estrus, to synchronize pre-ovulation condition, minimize variation of follicle maturity, luteolysis and increase estrus at the same time which around 20.5 days of estrus interval and ovulation (Cavalieri et al. 2004). In general, pregnancy rate of Artificial Insemination (AI) after an estrus synchronization in cattle was not as expected or not consistent due to varied of estrus and ovulation time determination due to long estrous cycle in cattle (Roelofs et al. 2005). Induction of ovulation using Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) hormone injection together with estrus synchronization program enabled to determine accuracy of estrus and ovulation time which eventually gets improving animal fertility (Johnson et al. 2010).