Transp Porous Med (2012) 94:795–815
DOI 10.1007/s11242-012-0025-x
Analytical Model for CO
2
Injection into Brine
Aquifers-Containing Residual CH
4
Seyyed Abolfazl Hosseini · Simon A. Mathias ·
Farzam Javadpour
Received: 15 February 2012 / Accepted: 18 May 2012 / Published online: 12 June 2012
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract During CO
2
injection into brine aquifers-containing residual and/or dissolved
CH
4
, three distinct regions develop: (1) a single-phase, dry-out region around the well-bore
filled with pure supercritical CO
2
; (2) a two-phase, two-component system containing CO
2
and brine; and (3) a two-phase, two-component system containing CH
4
, and brine. This
article extends an existing analytical solution, for pressure buildup during CO
2
injection
into brine aquifers, by incorporating dissolved and/or residual CH
4
. In this way, the solution
additionally accounts for partial miscibility of the CO
2
–CH
4
–brine system and the relative
permeability hysteresis associated with historic imbibition of brine and current drainage
due to CO
2
injection and CH
4
bank development. Comparison of the analytical solution
results with commercial simulator, CMG-GEM, shows excellent agreement among a range
of different scenarios. The presence of residual CH
4
in a brine aquifer summons two compet-
ing phenomena, (1) reduction in relative permeability (phase interference), which increases
pressure buildup by reducing total mobility, and (2) increase in bulk compressibility which
decreases pressure buildup of the system. If initial CH
4
is dissolved (no free CH
4
), these
effects are not as important as they are in the residual gas scenario. Relative permeability
hysteresis increased the CH
4
bank length (compared to non-hysteretic relative permeability),
which led to further reduction in pressure buildup. The nature of relative permeability func-
tions controls whether residual CH
4
is beneficial or disadvantageous to CO
2
storage capacity
and injectivity in a candid brine aquifer.
Keywords Pressure buildup · Residual methane · Hysteresis · Fractional flow · CMG-GEM
S. A. Hosseini (B ) · F. Javadpour
Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin,
Austin, TX, USA
e-mail: seyyed.hosseini@beg.utexas.edu
S. A. Mathias
Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
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