Magneto-optical investigations of diluted Cd
1 2x
Mn
x
S magnetic semiconductors
in the B -exciton region
Yu. G. Semenov
Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauki 45, Kiev 252028, Ukraine
V. G. Abramishvili, A. V. Komarov, and S. M. Ryabchenko
Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauki 46, Kiev 252028, Ukraine
~Received 16 January 1997!
The measurements of magnetoreflection spectra in the B -exciton region of diluted magnetic semiconductors
~DMS’s! Cd
12x
Mn
x
S are carried out for the magnetic-field directions both along and across the crystal c axis.
It is pointed out that giant spin splitting ~GSS! of the B exciton does not demonstrate a nonlinear dependence
on the magnetic-component fractional content x , contrary to the A -exciton GSS situation. It is supposed that
the effects of multiple scattering of valence electron on the magnetic ions, which lead to a sublinearity of the
A -exciton GSS x dependence in Cd
12x
Mn
x
S, are different for the A and B valence-electron subbands. In
particular, due to a smaller effective mass of valence electrons in the B subband, the multiple scattering of this
electron on Mn
21
ions may be not important and the GSS of B excitons can be described by the mean-field
approximation ~MFA! with the ‘‘bare’’ exchange constant J
h
for B -hole interactions with magnetic ions. The
approach to the determination of band parameters D
1
, D
2
, D
3
and the hole-ion exchange constant J
h
in hex-
agonal DMS’s is suggested. This approach is based only on the B -exciton GSS MFA description and data of
energy distances between A , B , and C excitons. The method is applied for the treatment of exciton magne-
toreflection spectra of Cd
12x
Mn
x
S crystals with different x . It is established that J
h
521.7 eV and is inde-
pendent of x . This value J
h
turns out to be several times smaller than that obtained from MFA for
A -exciton GSS. However, this value is in good agreement with J
h
521.4 eV, the value obtained earlier from
the A -exciton GSS treatment beyond the MFA. In the limiting case of small x , we obtained the band parameter
values D
1
517.262 meV, D
2
525.660.7 meV, and D
3
521.760.3 meV. They differ from those known in
the literature for pure CdS. @S0163-1829~97!01928-0#
INTRODUCTION
The investigations of giant spin splitting ~GSS! of exciton
reflection spectra in Cd
1 2x
Mn
x
S crystals show
1–5
a number
of peculiarities as compared to other diluted magnetic semi-
conductors ~DMS’s! of A
1 2x
2
Mn
x
B
6
type. The most widely
discussed peculiarity is the sublinear concentration depen-
dence of A -exciton GSS, which was interpreted in Refs. 1–3
to be a result of the effective dependence of the hole-band
exchange constant J
h
5J
h
( x ) on the magnetic-component
fractional content x . The measurements in Refs. 1–3 were
performed on crystals with such small Mn
21
concentrations
that the interaction between magnetic ions was negligible
and could not be the reason for the dependence of J
h
( x ). An
explanation based on the mean-field approximation ~MFA!,
acting on carrier spins has been suggested in Refs. 1–3. In
that case the J
h
value reached 3–4 eV, several times larger
than its value in the other DMS’s. This explanation, how-
ever, cannot be regarded as a satisfactory one because the
resulting J
h
value turn out to be greater than the CdS
valence-band width.
Due to this situation, attempts to explain GSS peculiari-
ties of Cd
1 2x
Mn
x
S A excitons beyond the MFA were made
in Refs. 6–8. The result of the investigations was a qualita-
tive understanding of observable peculiarities as a manifes-
tation of multiple hole scattering on the magnetic ions. This
scattering influences GSS; it is also important due to the
large effective mass of A valence electrons. A quantitative
description was carried out in the aforementioned works on
the basis of a simplified band structure in the isotropic
effective-mass approximation m
h
51.3m
0
for the A subband
of CdS crystal valence electrons. The ‘‘bare’’ exchange con-
stant value J
h
521.4 eV, obtained in the latter approach, is
in agreement with the data for other A
1 2x
2
Mn
x
B
6
and seems
to be reasonable.
At the same time much less attention has been paid to
magneto-optical investigations of the B band in
Cd
1 2x
Mn
x
S. One of the reasons was the absence of vivid
effects, similar to those in A -band investigations. Moreover,
the substantial splitting of B excitons was not observed in
s
6
polarizations for the magnetic field H
i
c ~c is the hexago-
nal axis of the crystal!. The latter circumstance, in fact, was
explained in Ref. 9. The explanation was reduced to the re-
consideration of the band parameters D
1
, D
2
, D
3
well known
in the literature; the difference D
1
2D
2
turned out to have a
different sign. The authors of Ref. 9 were not able to give a
reliable value of the exchange constant J
h
along with sepa-
rate band-parameter D
1
, D
2
, D
3
values due to the impossibil-
ity of a joint description of A - and B -exciton GSS in the
MFA framework.
In the present paper we pay attention to the absence of a
visible splitting of the B -exciton spectrum in s polarization
for all magnetic fields and samples under investigation in a
wide range of x values. This points to the equality between
PHYSICAL REVIEW B 15 JULY 1997-II VOLUME 56, NUMBER 4
56 0163-1829/97/56~4!/1868~8!/$10.00 1868 © 1997 The American Physical Society