Research Article
Application of Spritz Encryption in Smart Meters to Protect
Consumer Data
Lincoln Kamau Kiarie ,
1
Philip Kibet Langat,
1
and Christopher Maina Muriithi
2
1
Telecommunication and Information Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,
P.O. Box 62000–00200, Nairobi, Kenya
2
Electrical and Power Engineering Department, Murang’a University of Technology, P.O. Box 75–102000, Murang’a, Kenya
Correspondence should be addressed to Lincoln Kamau Kiarie; kamaulincoln@jkuat.ac.ke
Received 12 October 2018; Revised 7 January 2019; Accepted 3 February 2019; Published 26 March 2019
Guest Editor: Amir Rastegarnia
Copyright © 2019 Lincoln Kamau Kiarie et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
e ongoing upgrade of the electrical power system into a more powerful system known as Smart Grid has both benefits and costs.
Smart Grid relies on advanced communication and hence offers better services through improved monitoring, planning, and
control. However, enhanced communications make Smart Grid more susceptible to privacy leaks and cyber attacks. Small meters
collect detailed consumer data, such as power consumption, which can then become a major source of privacy leakage. Encryption
can help protect consumer data, but great care is needed. e popular RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) encryption has been implemented in
the widely deployed smart meter standard—Open Smart Grid Protocol (OSGP)—but has been shown to have major weaknesses.
is paper proposes the use of Spritz encryption. Spritz is an RC4-like algorithm designed to repair weak design decisions in RC4
to improve security. A test on performing one encryption took only 0.85 milliseconds, showing that it is fast enough not to affect
the operations of a smart meter. Its ability to withstand brute force attacks on small keys is also significantly greater than
RC4’s ability.
1. Introduction
A key foundation of technological progress is electrical
power. e traditional electrical power grid, which
handles power from when it is generated until it reaches
the customer, has remained relatively unchanged for
many years. Demand for power has grown, and the needs
have become more complex. To meet these rising chal-
lenges, the traditional grid is being upgraded to a better
system known as Smart Grid. Smart Grid integrates
modern telecommunication to run operations more ef-
fectively. It results in superior monitoring with less
manpower to collect data, automated fault detection and
correction, enhanced power delivery planning, and many
other benefits [1–4].
Smart Grid is able to better meet the needs of both the
supplier and the consumer. ere are less power outages,
lower transmission losses, fewer undetected faults, and
decreased green house gas emissions. It also allows for
distributing power sources, easier integration of renewable
energy sources, and more customer choices and can even
increase the capacity of the existing electric power networks
[5, 6]. A customer who has installed solar panels could at
times produce more power than they need. ey can then
sell this to a utility company, creating a more symbiotic
relationship between the two. is cannot happen without
effective two-way coordination.
A crucial enabler for Smart Grid is the smart meter. A
smart meter provides the utility company more information
on electrical consumption than a regular energy meter [4]. It
allows for two-way communication with benefits to both the
utility and customers. Utilities collect more data to help in
planning while incurring less operational costs to do so.
Customers can track their usage better, and they can resell
energy they generate and have more ways to participate. For
these reasons, the European Union (EU) aims to improve
Hindawi
Journal of Computer Networks and Communications
Volume 2019, Article ID 5910528, 10 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5910528